2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)

2-Arachidonoylglycerol or 2-AG is an extensively studied endocannabinoid that plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. It was discovered in 1995 and identified as an endogenous ligand for cannabinoid receptors. 2-AG’s main function is to perform neuromodulation. This means that it acts like a “messenger” when it binds to CB1 and CB2 receptors throughout the body in order to activate certain functions. High levels of 2-AG can be found in the central nervous system where it works to regulate neurons in the brain and the nervous system. 2-AG plays a role in various physiological functions such as neuroinflammation, cognition, emotion, pain management, energy balance, stress response and more.

510 Battery

A 510 thread battery, also known as cartridge battery or cart battery, is a power source that powers 510 vape cartridges or tanks. 510 thread is a term that describes the connection element on the battery that is ten 0.5 millimeter threads. In the past, there were a variety of thread types each used for specific vaporizers and their accessories. The 510 thread battery eventually became the universal standard. However, not all 510 connections have ten threads anymore. Some 510 thread batteries have simple designs with stable voltage power while others have multiple power settings with adjustable voltage.

510 Thread

510 is the threaded connection that permits attachment to a battery. It is a technical term that signifies the design of 10 connecting threads that are 5 millimeters apart. Hence 510 thread. A 510 threaded battery is a major component of vape devices used to vaporize hemp, cannabis or nicotine. The 510 thread on the battery makes connecting to a multitude of different atomizers or cartridges possible.

510 Vape Cartridge

A 510 vape cartridge is a reservoir with a built in atomizer that stores and heats concentrate oils. When the oil is heated, it vaporizes for inhalation. 510 vape carts will connect to any 510 threaded battery regardless of manufacturer. CCELL cartridges are the most prominent due to their superior design and construction. Quality carts maintain industry standards and are designed to lessen heavy metals dispensing into the concentrate when inhaled.

9R-HHC

9R-HHC 9R-HHC is one of two common molecules formed when creating HHC. 9R-HHC is the result of the hydrogenation process in which hydrogen atoms are introduced to the THC molecule. When this is done, the THC molecular structure is altered by the breakdown of its double bonds. 9R-HHC is considered to be an isomer and can actively bind to endocannabinoid receptors in the body. There is a lack of consensus as to the potency of 9R-HHC. Common claims are that in smaller doses 9R-HHC offers similar effects as delta 8 THC. And with higher doses, 9R-HHC will offer effects more similar to delta 9 THC. Generally, it is said 9R-HHC offers a relaxing euphoria with slight psychoactive experiences.

9S-HHC

9S-HHC is one of two most common molecules that forms when HHC is created. 9S-HHC is the result of a process known as hydrogenation. During hydrogenation, hydrogen atoms are introduced to the THC molecule in order to break down the double bonds of THC’s molecular structure. 9S- HHC is considered to be an isomer and it does not effectively bind to endocannabinoid receptors. Due to this there are several theories as to what it actually contributes, if at all, to the potency of HHC. Some believe the efficacy of 9S-HHC can be compared to CBN.

Acetate

Acetate in chemistry is a salt or ester of acetic acid.

Acetic Acid

Acetic Acid is a water-miscible liquid that is colorless with a sharp odor. It can be produced by oxidation of acetaldehyde or bacterial action on ethyl alcohol and many more differing processes. It is used to manufacture acetate fibers, as well as to produce a significant of varying esters that are solvents and/or flavoring agents.

Adaptogen

An adaptogen is a substance that is derived from plants which includes herbs and roots. The main purpose of the adaptogen is to enhance states of resistance to stress and to bring back balance to restore and protect the body. The term “adaptogenic herbs” was first recorded in 1947 by N.V. Lazarev, a Russian scientist, who coined the term to describe the “nonspecific” effect that helps increase the body’s resistance to stress. Adaptogens have shown to exhibit neuroprotective, anti-fatigue, antidepressive, anxiolytic and nootropic activity. Adaptogens have also shown usefulness in activating stimulation throughout the central nervous system. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated that adaptogens have the ability to exert an anti-fatigue effect that seems to increase mental output capacity during stressful situations that can cause mental exhaustion. Adaptogens provide stress protection which can prolong the phase of stress resistance and provide higher levels of equilibrium, which is equivalent to better adaptation to stress. Both the stimulating and anti-fatigue effects of adaptogens have been very well documented in both animals and in humans. Most adaptogens are taken to alleviate anxiety, reduce fatigue, increase energy, reduce lasting effects of trauma, regulate emotional reactions to stress and boost the immune system. Adaptogens are typically available in powders, teas, fruity gummy chews, capsules and/or tinctures. The most common adaptogens are ginseng, holy basil, ashwagandha, cordycep and reishi mushrooms and rhodiola.

Adjustable Voltage

Adjustable voltage, also known as variable voltage, controls the 510 battery to create specific types of vaping effects. Volts measure the input of energy and the number of volts is determined in order to produce specific desired temperatures. This enables the user to have more control over a more powerful flavor transfer, intensity and smoothness of hits from the vape. It offers a consistent power output and simply more control over a vape experience. With a higher voltage, the vape will produce more heat, which can work to intensify or minimize certain aspects of your vape hits. A lower voltage setting will allow for more faint flavors, which is good for certain terpenes as they are sensitive to higher heat settings. Lower voltage will also offer softer easier hits that will allow for more cooler and manageable hits. The most common voltage settings are between 3.3 volts and 4.8 volts. For those just beginning their vaping journey, it is recommended to begin with the lowest volt setting since the hits will be of lower intensity. And then one can adjust from there to find their ideal volt setting. Volt settings can also be determined by the various strains that one may vape. It has been found that higher settings work well with some strains while lower settings work well with others.

Adjustable Wattage

The adjustable wattage feature in a 510 vape measures the amount of power the vaporizer can produce safely. By adjusting the wattage, the voltage is automatically adjusted. It is important to understand what type of coil is being used and what the recommended range of wattages it is meant to withstand. The ranges can often be found in the instructions that come with the atomizer. Higher wattage settings will allow for higher intensity, full flavored hits and may lead to stronger hitting effects. Although too high of a setting can lead to burning of the coil and burning of the concentrate, which will produce an unpleasant vaping experience. Lower wattage settings offer cooler hits with less intense hits. However, wattage that is set too low may hinder cannabinoid and terpene activation and vaporization. Lack of cannabinoid and terpene activation results in a deficiency of effects and flavor.

Afghani

Afghani is a well-known cannabis flower strain that can be strikingly potent and just downright delicious. Named for the region from where it is known to have originated, Afghani is also known as “Afghan,” “Afghan Kush” or “Afghanistan.” Cured Afghan green buds are very resinous and pungent with orange hairs and frosted with trichomes. It is considered a pure indica strain that offers an array of sweet yet spicy diesel aromas with hints of citrus and earthy flavors. Effects are often described as extremely relaxing with a full-body high. Users praise the Afghani strain for its effects that relieve stress, pain, insomnia, as well as its euphoric mood boosting qualities. Most also report feelings of increased appetite and hunger. The most common terpenes in the Afghan strain are terpinolene, myrcene and pinene. Afghan Kush has given its genetics to a variety of very popular cannabis strains such as Northern Lights, Blueberry, Amnesia Haze and countless more.

Agonist

An agonist is a chemical that has the ability to activate receptors to produce biological responses. There are receptors throughout the body and their function as cellular proteins, when activated, is to stimulate change in order to modify what a cell may currently be performing. There are several types of agonists, but the most commonly discussed are endogenous agonists and exogenous agonists. All types of agonists have the ability to bind to different receptors and can activate biological responses. Although binding affinity can vary based on the type of agonist and type of receptor. Endogenous agonists, such as hormones and neurotransmitters, are found within the body. Exogenous agonists are compounds that are found outside of the body, but are introduced into the body from a variety of substances and in a variety of ways.

Agricultural Hemp

Agricultural hemp is also known as industrial hemp and is considered an agricultural commodity. It is specifically grown for the use in a wide variety of products that includes food and beverages, personal care products, nutritional supplements, fabrics, textiles, paper, construction, insulation materials and many many more manufactured commodities. It has been established by the 2018 Farm Bill that agricultural hemp is the plant cannabis sativa L and it cannot contain more than 0.3% Delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol on a dry weight basis.

Altcannabinoids

Altcannabinoids, also referred to as altnoids or alternative cannabinoids, are a subcategory of lesser known minor cannabinoid compounds derived from hemp. Altcannabinoids include a very diverse array of compounds. Some can be found naturally within the hemp plant, but in very tiny trace amounts. And because most are found in such small quantities, the vast majority of altcannabinoids must undergo intricate extraction and/or production procedures. Many of altcannabinoids are not found naturally, but are synthesized by using the CBD compound as a precursor to achieving other altnoids. Each altcannabinoid have been found to have a particular type of interaction with the endocannabinoid system, which makes each of them unique. Additionally, each altcannabinoid compound encompasses a specific unique profile of potential health benefits including analgesic, anti-inflammatory or neuroprotective properties. Altcannabinioids may include: Delta 8 THC, Delta 10 THC, Delta 8 THCO, Delta 9 THCO, HXY 8 THC, HXY 9 THC, HXY 10 THC, HXY 11 THC, HHC, HHC-O, HHC-P, THCA, THC-H, THC-B, THC-JD, THC-P, THCP-O. More discoveries are sure to be made as research of cannabinoids increases. It should be noted that there are some companies that have altered cannabinoid names for marketing purposes. Always be sure to check COA’s to ensure you understand exactly which altcannabinoids are present and in what percentages.

Analgesic

Analgesics are known as either pain relievers or pain killers. There are three different classifications of analgesics. The first classification of an analgesic is anti-inflammatory drugs. They work to reduce inflammation by reducing inflammatory responses directly at the site of the pain. Anti-inflammatory drugs are best for modest pains like headaches, muscle strains, bruising, minor arthritic pain and more. Examples of an anti-inflammatory analgesic are tylenol and ibuprofen. The second classification are compound analgesics that are medications containing mixtures of a non-opioid with an opioid. This type of analgesic is meant for more serious short term pains. An example of a compound analgesic is low strength codeine or co-codamol. The third classification are opioids analgesics and work by altering the way the brain processes and/or perceives pain. These analgesics are for serious chronic pains. Examples of these analgesics are morphine or fentanyl. Analgesics come in many forms such as capsules, tablets, creams, lotions, patches, syrups, injections and more.

Anandamide

Anandamide is a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid molecule that is naturally produced by the human body and is a fundamental element of the endocannabinoid system. It has been found to play an essential role in several human biological functions such as mood, memory appetite, it affects pain stimuli and plays a role in reducing inflammation. Anandamide is a ligand and works to bind to particular receptors to evoke certain responses in the body. It has been found to activate CB1 and CB2 receptors, as well as a receptor known as type 1 Vanilloid receptors that assists in the eradication of cancerous cells. Anandamide was discovered in 1992 by Israeli scientists led by Raphael Mechoulam. It was originally given the name arachidonylethanolamide, which is a word that summarizes its molecular shape and function. Although it was later renamed after the Sanskrit name ananda, which means bliss or divine happiness.

Antagonist

In the context of biochemistry, an antagonist is a receptor ligand or chemical compound such as a drug that inhibits biological responses. It operates by binding to a receptor and inhibits its activity. Antagonists are beneficial when the body is trying to minimize lethal effects within the body. There are three types of antagonists: competitive, noncompetitive and irreversible.

Anthocyanin

Anthocyanin is pronounced, “an-tho-sigh-a-nin”. Anthocyanins are plant compounds that are responsible for giving vibrant color pigments in plants. They are a part of the flavonoid group and are found in plants, vegetables, fruits, teas, nuts and in cannabis plants. They act like antioxidants and are healthy for plants. They play a beneficial role in protecting plants from ultraviolet light and from other environmental stressors. Anthocyanins can be located by their color in plants. Blueberries, red cabbage, purple cauliflower, purple carrots, eggplant, red onions and plums are examples of fruits and vegetables that contain anthocyanins. Research has shown that anthocyanins can expend their effects through their metabolites. Effects from anthocyanins show they are able to help reduce inflammation and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancers and diabetes. In addition, research also shows that anthocyanins effects also offer mood boosts, focus and memory for humans of all ages.

Aroma

Aromas are compounds that are perceived by the odor receptor sites of the olfactory tissues in the nasal cavity. It has been determined that there are about ten basic odors: 1. Fragrant 2. Woody / Resinous 3. Fruity (non-citrus) 4. Chemical 5. Mint / Peppermint 6. Sweet 7. Popcorn 8. Lemon 9. Pungent 10. Decay Humans are able to perceive smells with the olfactory receptors located in the nose. Each smell can activate specific olfactory neurons in order to decipher which particular aroma (s) are active and whether or not they are safe. The brain can decipher a multitude of aromas at once. This is known as a “combinatorial” process that allows humans to smell more aromas than we have specific receptors for.

Ashwagandha

Withania somnifera is the scientific name for the adaptogen herb mostly known as ashwagandha, winter cherry or Indian ginseng. It is a member of the Solanaceae or nightshade family and has the appearance of an evergreen shrub. Aswagandha commonly grows in India, the Middle East and throughout parts of Africa. The herb plays a major role in the traditional medicine system of India known as Ayurveda. It is used as a treatment for a range of conditions such as insomnia, stress and anxiety relief, reducing blood glucose levels and much more. Ashwagandha roots and berries can be consumed, but it is more typical to find it in other forms such as capsules, powders, tinctures and teas.

Atomizer

An atomizer is a key component to any vaporizing device that transforms hemp concentrates or liquid nicotine into vapor. This integral part of a vaporizer is connected to the tank, mouthpiece and battery. Atomizers contain heating coils that heat the contents inside of the tank when it receives power from the battery. A wick, typically made of organic cotton, is also used in an atomizer to soak up the liquid. When the coils heat, the wick transports the vaping liquid from the reservoir to the heating surface. Then immediately upon reaching the appropriate temperature, the concentrate will vaporize. There are several different types of atomizers such as disposable atomizers, replaceable coil head atomizers or sub ohm tanks, clearomizers, wax atomizers and rebuildable atomizers (RDAs).

Autoflowering Cannabis

Autoflowering cannabis seeds contain day-neutral genetics. Day-neutral genetics gives the plant the ability to automatically switch from a vegetative stage to a flowering stage based on age. Plants from autoflowering seeds have a differing dependence on light throughout their growth cycles and are typically short.They grow quickly and can be harvested within seven to ten weeks. Shorter times for growth and multiple harvests in one year is the major draw for most breeders. However, autoflowering plants can only grow from a seed and cannot grow from cuttings or clones. The origins of autoflowering cannabis seeds is debated. Some claim that the strain, Lowryder, by The Joint Doctor, was the first original autoflower strain. Others claim autoflower genetics comes from a Finland hemp variety known as Finola. Generally the ruderalis subspecies are not known for their high THC content and were not very popular among recreational users. Despite this, growers have gone on to create ruderalis hybrids with higher levels of THC and/or CBD.

Backcross (BX)

Backcross, or BX, is a process in which a grower decides to undergo when they have specific traits in a plant that they would like to retain for future strains. With cannabis, it is also a type of breeding selection that allows for the more desirable targeted traits to pass from one parent plant to the offspring.

Batter

Batter is a hemp or cannabis concentrate that is made from cured flower nugs or live resin. It is also referred to as badder or budder. It is named for its soft creamy like appearance, texture and consistency. Batter produced from high quality hemp or cannabis flower mostly appears as a buttery gold color with a soft smooth consistency and will have very high potency levels of cannabinoids. It will also have very strong and delicious flavors depending on the flower strain it was extracted from. Batter is made using butane or propane and a closed loop system. The extraction from flower or live resin will result in shatter until the extract is whipped on a hot plate and then placed in a vacuum oven. Exact temperatures and agitation requirements differ between strains to create the perfect batter. Batter can be consumed in several ways such as dabbing, vaping and smoking. Batter will darken and harden over time if it is not stored correctly. It is best kept in an airtight container in a dark and cool environment for a longer and stable shelf life.

Bergamotene

Bergamotenes are bicyclic sesquiterpene compounds that can be found in various plants such as bergamot, cannabis, ginger and basil. It has also been identified in fungi and even in some insects as well. Bergamotene acts as a terpene and is classified as α-trans / cis-bergamotene and β-trans / cis- bergamotene. The differing factor is the placement of the double bond in their chemical composition. The α-bergamotene is the most prominent of the two bergamotenes that is found in several essential oils. It emits a sweet citrusy flavor, but has a spicy peppery aroma. It is often utilized in perfumes, skin care products, aromatherapy and as a food flavor enhancer. In plants bergamotenes play a multitude of roles in a plant's ability to detract herbivores and attract pollinators. Biologically bergamotenes have shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer properties plus many more.

Bisabolol

Bisabolol is a natural monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol that is a colorless and viscous oil. It is most often found in German chamomile, Myoporum Crassifolium (New Caledonia) and of course various cannabis strains. It provides a delicate scent evoking a mixture of apple, honey and chamomile aromas. Strains high in bisabolol typically elicit sweetly floral and fruity flavors and aromas. Its effects are known to be relaxing and soothing, perfect for lifting mood and relieving anxiety. It also is known to reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines and because of this it also works similar to an analgesic to alleviate minor pains. Bisabolol is most often used in skin care products as it has shown to have skin healing effects, as well as anti-bacterial / anti-fungal, antioxidant effects and much more. Bisabolol has a boiling of 307.4℉ (153 ℃).

Blunt

A blunt is made by stuffing a tobacco wrap with ground cannabis flower and rolling it up to smoke. Blunt wraps are sold in numerous flavors, but emptying a cigar like a Swisher Sweets, will work just fine too. Since all blunt wraps are made out of tobacco, the wrap will contribute a light energetic buzz to your high. They are similar in size to a medium sized cigar and will burn for a solid smoke sesh. So take the blunt straight to the dome or invite some of the homies to puff puff pass with you.

Bong

A bong is a type of water pipe used to smoke cannabis or other herbal substances including tobacco. It is designed to filter water and to cool smoke in order to obtain larger smoother hits and avoid smaller harsh hits. Some bong users add ice cubes to enhance the cooling effect. The bong consists of a bubbled base that holds water with an angled hole that receives a downstem for a bowl insert where the cannabis is placed. This allows the smoke to channel through to the base prior to it rising through the downstem, up through the mouthpiece of the bong and into the lungs of the smoker. The origin of the bong is often debated, but those who have chronicled the history of the bong do agree that the bong is many many centuries old and may have originated in either Thailand, China or Africa. Despite the unknown origins of the bong, there are numerous types of designs from the most simplest and functional to extremely elaborate designs and colors.

Borneol

Borneol is a prevalent terpene found throughout the world. Flowers such as sunflowers, roots such as ginger and herbs like rosemary and thyme all produce the compound. It also naturally occurs in many plants native to Asia and many other tropical plants throughout the world. The earliest doctors leading up to today are aware of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory benefits borneol offers. Currently it is also used as an ingredient for digestive aids, it is known to improve circulation and can help lower fevers. Borneol has been found to be quite effective as a topical pain reliever and has several other beneficial applications. This compound gives off a menthol aroma mixed with hints of an earthy herbal funk. The scent easily repels pests, but humans enjoy the scent, so it is often added to insect repellents, perfumes and colognes.

Botanical Derived Terpenes

Botanical derived terpenes or BDT are compounds that are found and isolated from typical plants such as fruits, spices or herbs. The terpenes are what give plants their specific aromas and flavors. They are also meant for attracting pollinators, as well as to deter pests and insects. BDT’s are much less expensive and more readily available than cannabis derived terpenes (CDT). In regard to chemistry, it is known that BDT’s are structurally the same as CDT’s and can be synthesized to imitate CDT’s.

Broad Spectrum

Broad spectrum hemp products contain a variety of compounds that are naturally occurring in the hemp plant. Cannabinoids, terpenes and essential oils are the main active compounds that contribute to positive effects often experienced with broad spec products. They are extracted from the hemp plant flowers and undergo a purification process. Traces of delta-9 THC are removed before the final product is ready for sale. Despite the removal of THC, the remaining compounds are still beneficial and can interact with the endocannabinoid system. When cannabinoids bind to the ECS receptors they are known to help regulate inflammation and minor pains. Effects include mood boosts and anxiety relief as well.

Bubble Hash

Bubble hash is a potent type of hemp concentrate that is captured in a solventless extraction process. It’s become known as “bubble hash” because it is prepared differently than traditional hash and when heated it tends to bubble. During the extraction process, bags of ice water are used to freeze trichomes so that they will release from the flower buds. The compounds released during this process continue to move through a series of screens leaving more plant material behind and eventually forming into bubble hash. It ranges in color from a light golden shade to a darker brown.

Bubbler

A bubbler is a hand held water pipe. Just like a typical pipe, a bubbler is designed with a mouthpiece connected to a stem, and a fixed bowl with a carb. But what makes the bubbler unique is that beneath the bowl is a water chamber that works to filter the smoke for a more cool and much smoother throat hit. A bubbler with just enough water will produce nice bubbles, but will not splash into the mouthpiece or flood the bowl. There are several varieties of bubbler designs. The Hammer, the sherlock, the sidecar, double bubblers (dual filtration action) and bubblers for concentrates only. A bubbler is more portable than a bong, delivers smoother hits than a dry pipe and deserves a place in every cannabis connoisseur's collection of smoke delivery systems.

Bud

Bud is a slang term used in reference to the smokable flowering parts of hemp plants. In botanist terms, a bud is a small outgrowth that has yet to mature and can develop into branches, leaves or flowers.

Butane Extraction

Butane Extraction, also known as BHO extraction, is a process that removes all the beneficial compounds out of the hemp or cannabis plants. The end product is typically referred to as butane hash oil or shatter. This method of extraction is more efficient than other methods. The practice can be quite hazardous and should only be performed by a professional in an accredited laboratory.

Butane Hash Oil (BHO)

Butane hash oil is a potent concentrate that is made by using liquid butane to extract delta 9 resin from the hemp plant. The extraction process requires a high pressure, high temperature system that mingles raw hemp and liquid butane. The butane acts as a solvent and is able to leach out the THC from the plant matter. BHO will then go through a butane elimination process to ensure the oil is safe to consume. This practice is accomplished with a vacuum system that creates an environment that enables butane to evaporate by converting it from its liquid form into a gas. When it has completely evaporated, the BHO is safe and ready to enjoy. BHO does come in a long list of differing forms such as shatter, budder, crumble, wax, etc. Each BHO concentrate has its own unique consistency, texture and/or color. Whatever version of this amazing concentrate you have, it is best enjoyed in a dab rig or a vaporizer.

Camphene

Camphene is a terpene found in various conifer trees, cannabis and herbs. It is the primary terp in camphor oil and can also be found in citronella, sage oil, ginger oil and valerian root. The cyclic monoterpene emits a very strong earthy sweet herbal spice aroma. It is often an additive to fragrances and flavorings, but it is commonly found as an ingredient in modern medicine for analgesic topicals. It also has the capacity for other therapeutic benefits such as antimicrobial, antiviral and pain relieving effects.

Camphor

Camphor (cinnamomum camphora) is considered a terpene and is derived directly from the wood of the camphor tree. It has a strong earthy / wood aroma. The extract is taken directly from the camphor tree. After extraction, the terpene typically undergoes a steam-distillation process to create camphor oil. Camphor oil absorbs quite quickly into the skin and can help relieve pain and inflammation, and irritated and itchy skin. Topical use is abundant due to its antibacterial, antifungal and antiinflammatory properties. It has been useful in helping to heal skin infections, wounds, and relieve arthritic symptoms. It can also work towards reducing wrinkles and improving skin elasticity while increasing natural production of collagen. Camphor oil needs to be diluted with a carrier prior to skin application.

Cannabaceae

Cannabaceae is a family of flowering plants better known as the hemp family. Within this cannabaceae family there are 170 species that are grouped into 11 genera. This includes Cannabis (hemp), Humulus (hops) and Celtis (hackberries). Cannabaceae is included with the order of Rosales, which are a family of climbing plants with petalless flowers and one-seeded fruits. Cannabaceae are dioecious plants, which means there are distinctly male or female plants and are pollinated by the wind.

Cannabinoid

A cannabinoid is a specific class of compound that is produced in the resin glands of the cannabis plant. The most well known cannabinoids are THC and CBD. The cannabis plant produces over 100 known cannabinoids. Each compound contains uniquely different characteristics and offers differing effects/benefits. Cannabinoids have the ability to bind to receptors in a natural biological system known as the endocannabinoid system or ECS. The ECS plays a role in regulating certain functions of the body such as regulating sleep, mood and appetite. When a cannabinoid binds to a ECS receptor it has the potential to produce feelings of euphoria, help relieve pain, anxiety or insomnia symptoms and can stimulate appetite. However, some cannabinoids such as CBD do not cause intoxicating effects.

Cannabis

Cannabis refers to the dioecious plant of a single genus Cannabis or most notably the hemp Cannabis sativa. It is native to East Asia. It has leaves, bud flowers and has a strong fibrous stalk. Cannabis has been cultivated by people all over the world for thousands of years. It is known not only known for its psychoactive properties, but for the plant's countless beneficial uses. The origin of the word comes from the Greek kánnabis, whose literal translation is hemp.

Cannabis Oil

Cannabis oil is an extract from the cannabis plant. It contains the same active compounds found in the plant. The variety of compounds found in cannabis oil are dependent upon the specific strain in which it was extracted from. Cannabis oil is used for a variety of ailments including chronic pain, anxiety, inflammation, depression, insomnia and more.

Cannabis Plant Growth Stages

It is a general consensus that there are four stages of growth which are: Germination, Seedling, Vegetative and Flowering. It is important to understand the growth stages of cannabis plants so that environmental conditions for maximizing potential growth can be achieved. Stewart Maxwell of the Elevated Botanist extends the cannabis growth cycle to eight stages. In his article he writes the eight stages of growth are as follows: Seed Storage (Dormancy), Seed Germination, Seedling, Vegetative Growth, Pre-Flowering, Early Flowering, Mid-Flowering, Late Flower (Senescence).

Caryophyllene

Caryophyllene (β-Caryophyllene) is a naturally occuring sesquiterpene. It has earned GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status and has been approved for food use by the FDA. It is the sesquiterpene responsible for the spicy essence in black pepper and is an essential component of cloves, cannabis, hops, basil, oregano, lavender, rosemary, cinnamon, copaiba oil, ylang ylang and malabathrum. The flavors and aromas are spicy with a tinge of sweet like cloves and cinnamon can be. Its effects do not induce feelings of euphoria, but they are somewhat stimulating that lend towards mood enhancement and anti-anxiety relief. Caryophyllene is the only terpene that can act like a cannabinoid as it has the ability to bind to CB-2 receptors and therefore activate anti-inflammatory effects throughout the body’s peripheral organs. It is said that the caryophyllene molecule is much larger than your typical terpene. It also contains a special structure including a cyclobutane ring, which is rarely found in nature and is not found in any other terpene. Caryophyllene has direct benefits for colitis, diabetes, anxiety / depression and Alzheimer like diseases. In addition, it has demonstrated synergy with certain cancer medications to work towards reduction of cancer cell growth. It has a boiling of 266 ℉ (130 ℃).

Caryophyllene Oxide

Caryophyllene oxide is considered to be a sesquiterpene. It is the result of 𝛃-caryophyllene oxidizing during the curing phase of a plant or simply over time. It can be found in plants such as eucalyptus or wormwood and several spices such as basil, black pepper and oregano. It is also found in numerous cannabis/hemp strains. It emits a warm, earthy / woody spicy aroma similar to cloves or cinnamon. It is often used as an additive in cosmetics, pharmaceutical drugs, food preservatives and by law enforcement training police dogs. It is known that caryophyllene oxide interacts with the endocannabinoid system by directly binding with the CB2 receptors throughout the body. Scientists have performed studies showing that, like other terpenes, Caryophyllene oxide has several beneficial properties such as anticancer, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial. It is believed to have a positive synergistic relationship with cannabinoids such as CBC, CBG, THC, CBGA and THCA.

CB Receptors

The endocannabinoid system or ECS is made up of endocannabinoids, cannabinoid receptors and enzymes that work to synthesize and help degrade endocannabinoids. The effects of cannabinoids and endocannabinoids are mediated by two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and they are CB1 and CB2. CB1 receptors are most heavily located in several regions of the brain and in lower amounts throughout the central nervous system (CNS). CB1 receptors mediate much of the psychoactive effects of cannabinoids that causes one to feel a sense of euphoria. CB2 receptors have a higher presence throughout the body’s CNS, a number of immune cells and neurons. CB1 and CB2 receptors couple to inhibitory G proteins and just like GPCRs CB receptors are susceptible to the same pharmacological influences. Partial agonism with functional selectivity and inverse agonism all have crucial roles in the bodies response to each specific cannabinoid receptor ligands.

CB9A

CB9A is a type of cannabinoid that is made when CB9 is derived from cannabidiol (CBD) isolate. Once CB9 is extracted from CBD isolate, it is converted into CB9A with the addition of acetate. This cannabinoid concoction has shown potential in providing a more potent psychotropic effect than CB9. With the addition of the acetate molecule, psychotropic experiences are often compared with Delta 9 THC use. CB9A can be found in various edibles, tinctures or vape carts/disposable vape pens. Despite this, it is still not commonly available throughout the hemp market. Its therapeutic potential is still relatively unknown and is only based on user experiences. Some users report benefits such as pain relief, anxiety relief, relaxation and also experience effects for a longer duration compared to CBD.

CBC

Cannabichromene, or CBC, is one of the 6 main cannabinoids that is most prominent in medical research. It is a powerful, non-psychoactive cannabinoid. It does not elicit a “high.”It has shown benefits as a synergist, which means it works well with other cannabinoids, otherwise known as the entourage effect. CBC has shown to block pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis (damage to the joints in the hands, knees, hips and spine), which is the most common arthritis affecting millions of people throughout the world. Combined with THC and/or CBD, CBC appears to relieve depression and pain and inflammation, as well as acne and Alzheimer's disease.

CBCV

Cannabichromevarin or CBCV is a compound found in hemp. It is considered a short-chain homologue of the CBC cannabinoid and is the activated form of CBCVA. CBCV develops in very small concentrations and little is known about its effects. But, most speculate that it is very similar to the more commonly occurring CBC.

CBD

Cannabidiol, or CBD, has become more widely known as the amount of studies and testing by scientists from around the world has increased. For decades it has been known to possess incredible healing and therapeutic benefits. CBD is the second most abundant compound found in hemp plants. Scientists have established CBD as a safe non-addictive compound that does not cause euphoric or intoxicating effects in humans or animals. CBD has also been found to have extraordinary benefits for restorative health. CBD is an anti-inflammatory agent and works to prevent or reduce inflammation in both the brain and body, as well as temporarily alleviate pain. As an anti-inflammatory agent, CBD has a significant effect on the body’s ability to maintain homeostasis when faced with everyday stressors. This is why CBD has been found to offer a very wide array of potential benefits for numerous ailments. CBD is now used worldwide by those seeking an all natural non-psychoactive alternative solution to pharmaceutical medications in order to avoid adverse side effects or reactions. CBD goes way beyond symptom relief to help the body heal itself; it interacts naturally with the body's Endocannabinoid system to produce healing effects at a molecular level.

CBDA

Cannabidiolic Acid or CBDA is a compound found in the hemp plant that is non-psychoactive. CBDA is the acidic precursor to cannabidiol or CBD. When CBDA is heated it goes through decarboxylation and chemically transforms into CBD. CBDA has several potentials for health benefits such as anti-inflammation, anti- tumor, anti-nausea, anti-anxiety and much more.

CBDM

Cannabidiol monomethylether, or CBDM, is assumed to be a naturally occurring compound in cannabis plants. Its existence has yet to be completely authenticated by scientists. It was first mentioned in a 1972 Japanese study involving cannabinoid pharmacology. There is insufficient research to understand if there are any beneficial effects or how CBDM is being produced in labs. Any CBDM found on the market is most certainly synthetic. Again, due to the fact that it has not been completely established as a naturally occurring cannabinoid in hemp plants.

CBDP

Cannabidiphorol,or CBDP, is a cannabinoid that is considered to be a heptyl homolog of cannabidiol (CBD). Italian scientists first extracted CBDP, in 2019, using mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography. They found that the molecular structure of CBDP contains a seven-link side chain. And due to CBDP’s longer side chain, the current claims are that it offers heightened physical and cerebral effects compared to CBD. However, it is not by much as the binding relationship to CB1 and CB2 receptors is still rather weak. More research is needed to discover the true potential benefits that CBDP may have to offer. Today it is believed that much like CBD, CBDP may be useful in managing anxiety, stress, epilepsy, pain, inflammation and much more.

CBDV

Cannabidivarin or CBDV is a decarboxylated form of CBDVA and does not lend any psychoactive effects when consumed. Hemp strains high in CBD are most likely to have a higher concentration of the CBDV compound. The research presently being conducted has been centered around CBDV and its effects on epileptic seizures. It is generally agreed that current research has shown that CBDV affects the neurochemical pathways of capsaicin receptors involved with various types of epilepsy. Research has also found that CBDV acts as an agonist of CB1 receptors and may inhibit nausea. More research is being conducted on CBDV and its potentials for medicinal purposes.

CBE

Cannabielsoin or CBE is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in hemp. CBE forms from a metabolite process that begins with the ingestion of CBD. With the assistance of liver enzymes, CBD converts into CBE. Researchers have isolated these liver enzymes and have applied them to CBD to convert it to CBE outside of the body. This process has enabled researchers to continue researching CBE, but potential benefits of CBE are not known, as well as how it works in the human body. In addition, there is still a current debate as to whether CBE should be considered a natural cannabinoid or a synthetic cannabinoid.

CBG

Cannabigerol, or CBG, is most often referred to as the mother of all cannabinoids. It has been estimated as such due to the fact that other cannabinoids derive from cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), which is the acidic form of CBG. CBG is found in very small quantities than other phytocannabinoids. This means that CBG products are rare and can be quite expensive. CBG has been found to bind to both CB1 and CB2 receptors in the Endocannabinoid System (ECS). It shows promise in enhancing pleasure and motivation, regulating appetite and sleep, as well as alleviating pain.CBG does not have any psychotropic effects, so it does not give you a “high.”

CBGA

CBGA, or cannabigerolic acid, is the acidic or raw form of the cannabinoid cannabigerol or CBG. CBGA is thought to be the “mother of all cannabinoids.” This is meant to say that CBGA is the most basic formation and foundational compound that all other major cannabinoids descend from. As the hemp plant begins to grow, the plant will develop high concentrations of CBGA. Overtime as the plant continues to grow, CBGA will begin converting into other raw cannabinoids such as CBDA, THCA and CBCA. And as this process continues, levels of CBGA will decline to a very low amount. So in order to extract higher levels of CBGA, the plant must be harvested in an early vegetative state prior to the conversions into CBCA, THCA and CBDA. In the hemp plant, CBGA works to activate functions in the plant that will provoke cell death in its leaves. As the plant sheds its leaves, it is able to produce more buds and enrich resinous trichomes thereby increasing cannabinoid concentrations. Scientific studies have shown CBGA may have the potential of inhibiting oxidative stress and supporting treatments for metabolic disorders. And like many other cannabinoids, CBGA shows potential for treating inflammation, it is an antibacterial, and seems to regulate mood and stimulate appetite.

CBGM

Cannabigerol Monomethyl Ether or CBGM is a cannabinoid within the CBG class. Little research has been performed on this particular cannabinoid. But it is generally agreed upon that it should have a similar type of interaction with the endocannabinoid system that CBG has. It is said that CBGM was first discovered by Japanese scientists in 1968. It seems as though CBGM is more often found in cannabis plants with higher levels of THC. CBGM was discovered in a Japanese strain known as Minamioshihara No.1. Scientists used a methylation process to derive the CBGM out from the plant matter. It is one of two cannabinoids from the CBG collection to be considered an ether formation. More research is needed to be able to confirm if CBGM has any beneficial effects in the body.

CBL

Cannabicyclol, or CBL, is a minor cannabinoid found in cannabis plants and was discovered in 1964. CBL is found in small amounts and not much is known about this elusive compound. What is known is that CBL is more often found in cannabis strains that have higher amounts of cannabichromene, or CBC. It is considered a “photochemical product” due to its formation process when cannabichromene begins to decarboxylate. The breakdown begins similar to any other decarboxylation process with heat, light or considerable acidic conditions. It is understood that CBL does not induce any psychoactive effects due to the fact that it lacks a double bond in its molecular composition.

CBLA

Cannabicyclolic Acid or CBLA is a rare non-psychoactive compound found in cannabis. CBLA is formed when Cannabichromenic Acid (CBCA) is exposed to heat or UV light and as it degrades it converts into CBLA. Therefore this compound is not found living in cannabis plants and is only a result of environmental alterations. It is found in low concentrations and was first isolated in 1972 by researchers. Very little is known regarding this compound. However, researchers have found that it is one of the more stable cannabinoid acids. Its stability creates a resistance to decarboxylation.

CBN

Cannabinol, or CBN, is a minor cannabinoid that is non-intoxicating and is created when THC ages. Due to this, it is most often found in high amounts in older cannabis. The potential benefits of CBN and the effects on the body are currently being researched more and more. Studies show evidence that CBN may be a potent antibacterial agent, an appetite stimulator and an anti-inflammatory agent. It shows potential as a synergist and seems to increase euphoric effects of THC and can induce sleepiness.

CBNA

Cannabinolic acid, or CBNA, is a delicate compound that is created in trace amounts through storing and aging cannabis buds. Fresh hemp does not contain CBNA due to the fact that it is a very unstable compound and there are no known enzymes that create it. CBNA is generally considered a byproduct of the oxidation of THCA when it is exposed to light, UV rays, heat, air or just naturally over time. CBNA is a non-intoxicating cannabinoid. There are several on-going studies that involve the examination of the biological effects of CBNA on pain and anti-cancer effects. However, it seems that the effects of CBNA are comparable to the non-acidic form, CBN. The potential benefits of CBNA are considered to be pain relief, anti-inflammation, anti-allergic, antibacterial, neuroprotective and anti-glaucoma.

CBNO

CBNO is also known as Cannabiocol-C1, Cannabinol-C1 or CBN-O-acetate. It is a phytocannabinoid that is closely related to CBN. It is a minor cannabinoid and is not found in very abundant quantities. Similar to CBN, CBNO is considered a derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). CBN-O generates as THC breaks down. Typically it forms when THC is exposed to air or heat. CBN-O does have uniquely different properties than CBN. This is due to a difference in atom organization and an oxygen atom attached to its molecular structure. It is known to have a higher potency than CBN, as well as a strong affinity for endocannabinoid CB2 receptors throughout the body. More research is needed to understand its effects on the body.

CBNP

Cannabinol propionate, or CBNP, is a derivative and a chemically modified analog form of the cannabinoid, cannabinol (CBN). CBNP was created by extending the molecular structure of CBN in order to potentially increase the bioavailability and potency. The extended molecular structure enables a greater efficiency for binding to CB1 and CB2 receptors in the body. By increasing bioavailability, absorption by the body will increase resulting in fast acting effects. And increasing potency will enable a much longer lasting experience of effects. However, not much is known about CBNP or its true potential and effects. As of now, CBNP’s potential effects are based on what knowledge we do have regarding CBN, which is known to promote relaxation, mood boosts, neural protection and overall well-being.

CBT

Cannabitriol, or CBT, is a minor phytocannabinoid found in cannabis plants. CBT was discovered in 1966. It is also commonly recognized that CBT is derived from cannabichromene or CBC and not CBG. CBT is not found in abundance and is more commonly found in high CBD / low THC hemp strains. In addition, it is generally agreed upon that there are 9 unique forms of CBT. Each individual form displays very small differences in their atom arrangement. CBT in particular does not seem to produce any psychoactive effects. Although according to the entourage effect, CBT probably will work synergistically with other cannabinoids and/or other compounds found in the hemp plant. More testing in the future is needed to understand what benefits this cannabinoid may provide.

CBT-C

Cannabicitran, or CBT-C, is one of 9 different forms of CBT. It has garnered the most attention of all 9 forms of CBT. In fact, it is a cannabinoid that has been discovered in other plants besides cannabis. Specifically CBT-C has been found in a particular rhododendron used in Chinese medicine. Rhododendron extracts containing CBT-C may demonstrate its potential medicinal uses. However, further studies are needed to confirm the benefits it may provide.

CBV

Cannabivarin or CBV is a non-psychoactive compound and is the second most occurring cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. It is an analog of CBN and is an oxidized product of THCV, THV. Little is known about CBV due to lack of research, but it is known that the compound has no double bond isomers or stereoisomers. The potential benefits of CBV are yet to be determined.

Chaga

Chaga is a functional mushroom or natural medicine. Technically, chaga is considered a canker or “sterile conk”. It grows primarily on birch trees and originates from a fungus known as Inonotus obliquus. Its bioactive compounds are attributed to both the fungus and the birch tree, which makes it quite unique compared to other functional mushrooms. Chaga has been used for thousands of years throughout a multitude of cultures for diverse purposes such as digestive concerns, cancer, viral infections and skin issues. It is known for its highly antioxidant properties, immuno-modulatory effects and prevention / treatment of cancer. Further studies have suggested that chaga may help mitigate diabetes and other chronic health problems as well. Current analysis of chaga shows the presence of main compounds such as beta-glucans, sterols, polyphenols and triterpenoids. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate chaga into an everyday wellness routine.

Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll is an organic pigment molecule that grants green plants their color by absorbing sunlight. It works towards assisting plants to create energy through a process called photosynthesis in order to grow. Chlorophyll can be found in the tiny networks in the plant’s cells called chloroplasts. The chloroplasts are where the process of photosynthesis occurs. The energy transferred from the light absorption is used by the plant to convert carbon dioxide from the air and water into glucose. The plant will use this glucose in combination with other nutrients found in the soil to grow new leaves, branches or stems. And in turn will also release oxygen into the air.

Cinnamon Bark Essential Oil

Cinnamon bark essential oil is derived from the native Sri Lanka tree known as Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Cinnamon oil is often used for aromatherapy, massage therapy, topical care products, food and beverages. It is known to be rich in antioxidants and is a known key ingredient in detoxifying blends that work to help a reduced immune system regain its strength. It is often included in bath blends, salves or soaps used to soothe, cleanse and tone skin or the scalp. Cinnamon oil can also promote feelings of relaxation and mood enhancement. This essential oil is quite potent and hot. It is important to dilute cinnamon oil with a carrier before applying it directly onto skin. Cinnamon oil has a pungent aroma with strong hints of sweetness and earthy spice.

Citral Terpenes

Citral terpenes support immune health and function. Citral terpenes help protect humans against bacteria and viruses. The citral terps are able to bind to receptors in the body and trigger several physiological and psychological effects, particularly mood boosts. This is why essential oils have played a role in human history for hundreds of years. And in nature they help protect plants and animals by defending them against predators and/or pathogens too. They are found in citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, grapefruits, clementines, mandarins, kumquats and more. Citrus terps are also found in cannabis. They contribute to the entourage effect in order to alleviate discomfort from minor or chronic pains and anxiety by relaxing the mind, calming emotions and offering sleep support.

Clone

A clone is created when one takes a branch cutting from a mature cannabis plant. This cutting is planted in order to grow another full grown plant that maintains the same genetic makeup of the original “mother” plant that it was taken from. In order to grow a clone, the cutting should be around 6 inches in length, but cannot be planted immediately. Cuttings should be placed into a cloner or root cubes in order to allow the cutting to grow roots. To stimulate growth of the roots a rooting hormone is often used. When the roots have fully developed, the clone can then be planted in pots or into the ground. And since clones are exact genetic copies of their mother, they will always be female. And it also guarantees that each subsequent generation will have the same characteristics such as terpenes, cannabinoids and effects.

Clove Essentail Oil

Clove essential oil derives from the Syzygium aromaticum L tree and its leaves, buds and stems. The main chemical compounds in clove oil are Eugenol, Eugenyl acetate and beta-Caryophyllene. The tree is native to the Indonesian Maluku Islands, but is now grown in various regions such as India and Sri Lanka. Traditional Eastern and Western medicines have used clove oil for many many years. Clove oil was integrated into medicinal applications for microbial defense and treatments for viruses, bacteria and infections. It has also been used for digestive issues, support of the respiratory system, in oral care and much more. Clove oil is collected through the process of steam distillation. The buds from the tree are dried and then heated. The aromatics of the bud vaporize in the steam and as it cools, the remnants are captured. Cloves have a bold peppery aroma with hints of spicy-sweet and earthy floral notes. Clove essential oil is a part of countless herbal therapies for dental care, hygiene products, muscle salves, balms and lotions. It is also widely used as a flavor enhancing spice for many food and beverage recipes.

CO2 Oil

CO2 oil is cannabis concentrate that is made by using CO2 during the extraction process. This process is often referred to as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The process involves heating and pressurizing the CO2 prior to forcing it through cannabis plant matter. During this process, the trichomes are broken down and their compounds such as cannabinoids, terpenes and flavonoids are released. The compounds bind with the CO2 and are then collected. Extracts such as shatter, crumble and oils are made through the SFE process. Typically CO2 oil extracts can be vaporized or dabbed in a dab rig.

Coil

A coil in a vaporizer is the component that receives power from the vape battery and converts it into heat. A standard coil is a length of wire coiled and wrapped around an absorbent wick or cotton. Varieties of coil designs are made to withstand a wide range of resistances and builds to provide vapers with an array of different vaping styles. There are basic coils, sub-ohm coils, temperature control coils, mesh coils and ceramic coils. A coil with low resistance requires a higher power output and a higher amperage output, while a high resistance coil requires a lower power output and a lower amperage output.

Cola

A cola in cannabis culture lingo refers to the collections of buds growing together in harmony on female hemp plants. During a harvest, the colas go through a trimming process and are cut into smaller nugs. Breaking down colas allows for the buds to cure evenly and helps mitigate chances of mold.

Concentrate

A concentrate is a hemp or cannabis product with very high potency. They do not contain any plant material, but only compounds from the plant. Concentrates can be made using solvents to extract the desired compounds. There are solventless methods as well that utilize heat and high pressure systems that remove and collect various compounds. Concentrates come in several differing forms and consistencies. And due to this, they can be consumed in various ways. Concentrates can be vaporized, smoked, dabbed, eaten or made into tinctures.

Cordyceps

Cordyceps are a functional mushroom with potent biochemical properties that have been used for centuries for overall well-being, energy and longevity. There are two types of cordyceps that are most commonly used in medicine, Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris. The former is more commonly known as Caterpillar Fungus and the latter is known as Scarlet Caterpillar Club. Caterpillar Fungus is extremely expensive and the most expensive of the variety of functional mushrooms. Caterpillar Club is most commonly used in commercial goods and contains the same valuable compounds as the Caterpillar Fungus. Cordyceps are quite small, bright orange mushrooms that grow in moist and mossy environments. They contain high levels of adenosine, its own unique compound known as cordycepin, as well as beta-glucans, cordycepic acid (D-Mannitol), ergosterol and amino acids. According to Chinese medicine, cordyceps are most prized for their potential in improving stamina and strength, as well as for their aphrodisiac properties. Specifically cordyceps potentially work toward improving aerobic capacity, resistance to fatigue, brain function, mitochondria protection and overall health. Cordyceps are currently being researched for their antiaging, anti-tumor, anti-diabetes, and heart health benefits. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate cordyceps into an everyday wellness routine.

Crumble

Crumble is a type of hemp or cannabis concentrate that has a dry consistency, which allows for it to break down into powder quite easily. It is a dry concentrate due to the method in which it is processed. Crumble is created very similarly to other extracts. Hemp or cannabis plant matter is harvested and then preserved by freezing. The plant matter is then placed in a closed-loop system and the compounds are extracted using a solvent. The solvent separates any lipids, the cannabinoids and terpenes from the rest of the plant matter. The extracted material is then allowed to cool and as it cools the compounds are able to separate more easily. Then the extracted materials are poured onto trays heated at low temperatures for 48 to 72 hours. The final step is to whip the extract at high speeds to achieve the final product. Crumble will range in colors and has very high potency levels. It can be consumed in many different ways including dabbing, smoking and vaping. It can also be put into foods, beverages or simply be consumed orally on its own.

Crystals

Crystals, also known as trichomes, are frosty-like formations on the flowers and leaves of female hemp or cannabis plants. Crystals resemble very small hairlike glands spread throughout various areas of the plant. These formations assist in protecting the plant and its precious cannabinoid and terpene compounds from pests. Crystals are at their best and highest potency when they have an appearance similar to little tiny white frosted clouds.

Cultivar

A cultivar is a specific type of plant that is bred to have distinct desired traits for further propagation. The process of breeding a specific cultivar can include what is referred to as division or by root, as well as stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture and/or controlled seed production. It should be known that not all plants are considered a “cultivar” and cultivars do not produce true-to-seed.

Curing

The process of curing hemp or cannabis plants is a necessary step for a complete and potent product. When the plant is growing colas, it contains an incredible amount of various compounds, starches, sugars and other types of nutrients. When the colas are cut, the plant matter still contains an excess amount of starches, sugars and nutrients that will eventually begin to break down. The curing process is designed to encumber the plant with the task of using up those nutrients at a faster rate before the plant matter is completely dried up. In addition, it is also beneficial for the plant matter to be cured due to the elimination of bacteria and/or enzymes. This also helps moderate the breakdown of cannabinoid and terpene compounds in order to maintain higher levels of potency. The curing process typically is a duration of two to four weeks, but can take as long as six months. The longer the buds cure, the better the results.

Dab Rig

A dab rig, or oil rig, is a type of water pipe made specifically for vaporizing hemp or cannabis concentrates like live rosin, crumble, diamonds and more. A complete dab rig includes: a main rig body, a nail or banger, a carb cap, a dab tool and a butane torch. Nails or bangers are typically made out of titanium, ceramic or quartz. Each type of nail has an optimal heating time. Titanium should be heated between 60-90 seconds, ceramic between 45-60 seconds and quartz is optimal at 30-50 seconds. Each should be allowed to cool down between 40-60 seconds prior to placing any concentrate in the nail. Optimal temperatures for dabbing is determined by the individual dabber and their desired experience. Low-temperature dabs should be smoother and flavorful with less risk of completely burning off cannabinoids and/or terpenes. High temperature dabbing will impose stronger effects, but may be quite a bit more harsh and not as tasty an experience. The variety of dab rigs consist of the following: glass dab rigs, recycler dab rigs, silicone dab rigs, mini-dab rigs and electric dab rigs. Dab rigs allow for rich and flavorful hemp experiences. So to ensure optimal performance standards, it is recommended to always keep your rig as clean as possible. Cleanliness will not only ensure flavorful hits, but will also ensure a greater lifespan for your dab rig.

Dabbing

Dabbing is a word used to describe the act in which a hemp or cannabis concentrate is vaporized for inhalation. Dabbing usually involves hemp products such as shatter, wax, crumble, rosin, sauce, batter etc. Each of these concentrates is extracted from the flower of the hemp plant and has been categorized based on the extraction method and overall consistency of the end product. All concentrates contain a very high potency level of cannabinoids. Dabbing can offer quick relief with effects that can be helpful to medical patients with painful symptoms while minimizing the volume of consumption. In order to begin dabbing concentrates, one will necessitate a dab rig, which is a water pipe designed specifically for concentrates.

Dabs

Dabs is a reference to hemp or cannabis that is the form of a concentrate. Dabs are also referred to as resin, wax, shatter, batter, honey oil and more. Dabs are highly concentrated with cannabinoids, which means that they are incredibly potent. The effects of a dab session is typically felt rather quickly and can last for several hours.

Dank

Dank is a slang term for highly potent hemp or cannabis buds with remarkable flavors, aromas and amazing effects. It is most often used as an adjective in reference to anything that exhibits high quality excellence and in turn is extremely desirable. For example, “The Black Truffle strain is super dank.” Dank can also be used as a noun. For example, “I bought some dank from Dr.Ganja.”

Decarboxylate

Decarboxylate, or decarb, is a process involving heat that converts molecules from their acidic or non-active form. With hemp or cannabis, the process begins with curing and then heating the buds. The heat then changes the molecular structure of the acidic compounds. It maintains one hydrogen atom while it loses a carboxyl group. The transformation from acidic to non-acidic essentially activates the cannabinoid and thus effects will be felt when inhaled or orally ingested. Decarbing is a fundamental process during the harvesting of hemp or cannabis plants. During the curing and drying process, the plants experience a slow decarboxylation. However, to achieve a full decarb, the non-active forms of cannabinoids must undergo a heating process for 30-40 minutes at 230℉ to 250℉ (110℃ - 121℃). This is the basis of the process, but the decarboxylation procedures will vary based on the amount of plant matter, what the specific cannabinoid concentration is, the moisture content and desired results.

Delta 10 THC

Delta 10 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is known as an “elusive” cannabinoid as it is most often confused for Cannabichromene (CBC). Delta 10 is not a naturally occurring cannabinoid and is created through a process that necessitates a type of catalyst to create it such as a food grade radical initiator to stabilize the reactivity of the radicals to provide higher yields of Delta 10 THC. D10’s isolated crystals develop in smaller concentrations than most other cannabinoids. Delta 10 THC is created through an extraction and distillation process. D10 has proven to deliver benefits and effects to serve both medicinal and recreational consumers. D10 is most often sold in the form of oils,tinctures, edibles, vape cartridges, disposable vape pens and even flower. The compound Δ10-THC is legally derived from hemp and offers a “high” similar to Delta 9 THC.

Delta 11 THC

Delta 11 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or Δ11-THC is a minor cannabinoid and an isomer of Δ9-THC. D11 shares the same basic chemical makeup. However, the atoms in the Δ11-THC compound are arranged differently. Scientists have been aware that D11 exists as it is found in trace amounts in hemp and cannabis plants. But be that as it may, there are no current existing studies regarding this minor cannabinoid. The existing knowledge of its effects and potency is mostly anecdotal because there is no scientific evidence to support any claims. Like many of the other Δ9-THC isomers, delta 11 may have milder effects than the traditional d9-THC.

Delta 6 THC

Delta 6 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is one of several THC isomers. The Δ⁶ THC compound is strikingly similar to delta 9 THC as they share similar molecular arrangements. The only aspect that is different in the D6 molecular structure is the location of a double bond. Current research on this phytocannabinoid is quite meager as current information consists of simply its identification and molecular structure. Most D6 found throughout the market is blended with other cannabinoids and so far cannot be found on its own. Therefore, the type of effects this compound offers is difficult to determine. But it is speculated, based on other isomers like D8, D6 more than likely offers a less intense euphoria than D9. Most information regarding D6 is anecdotal and is not supported by research.

Delta 8 THC

Delta 8 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a cannabinoid that occurs in much smaller concentrations than most other cannabinoids. Delta 8 is considered to be an isomer that forms as Delta-9 THC ages and oxidizes. This process increases the stability of the Delta 8 molecular structure so that it does not degrade as easily and lasts much longer over time. It should be noted that Delta-8 THC and Delta 9-THC contain similarities in their molecular structure. Both contain double bonds, but D8 contains the bond on the 8th carbon chain and not on the 9th. For that reason, D8 and D9 THC react similarly within the Endocannabinoid receptors in the body as a result of their similar presentation of structure and properties. The compound Delta 8-THC is now being legally derived from hemp and offers a euphoric “high” similar to Delta 9 THC.

Delta 9 THC

Delta 9 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) works by attaching to Endocannabinoid system receptors throughout the brain and the Nervous System. Effects may last for a few hours, but is dependent on frequency of use, dosage, body weight and/or cardiac activity level. Delta 9 is known to be lipophilic, which means that it can readily attach to fat. As D9 THC attaches to fat cells it has the ability to move from the fat cells into the bloodstream and may remain in the body for longer periods of time. D9 can be detected in the body for up to 20 hours after it has been ingested. The compound Δ9-THC is now being legally derived from hemp and offers a euphoric “high.”

Delta 9-THC-O

Delta 9 THC-O, or D9-O, is a form of D9 THC with acetate added to the THC molecule. D9-O is a relative of THC, but it is a synthetic form that begins with the hemp derived D9 compound. It is not classified as a cannabinoid due to the fact that it does not occur naturally in cannabis. There is little to no published data on the effects of D9 THC-O acetate in humans. One study with animals determined in the results that it may have twice the potency of THC. It is generally accepted that acetylation is a safe process. However, this understanding is based on the impact of acetylation on oral ingestion and not inhalation.

Dime

In cannabis culture lingo a dime or dime bag is .5 grams of flower. This is usually the smallest amount of flower most people are willing to sell. It can also come in the form of a pre-rolled joint. Typically a dime can be purchased for $10.

Dispensary

The conventional definition of dispensary is: a location from which medicines are prepared and distributed from. Today a dispensary is known as a place of business from which hemp or cannabis products can be acquired in the legal market. Currently there are two types of dispensaries due to differing state laws within the United States. There are medical dispensaries where medical patients with a certified medical card can purchase cannabis. And there are Adult Use dispensaries in states where cannabis has been legalized. In legal states, a dispensary might operate as both a Medical and Adult Use venue.

Disposable Vape

A disposable vape is a handheld single use electronic vaporizer that is constructed for convenience and minimal effort. Disposable vaporizers come in a variety of sizes and designs, and are not designed to be refilled or dismantled for re-use. Each vape comes with a pre-filled tank that is usually between one to five grams, a built in battery and an atomizer. Disposable vapes come with pre-charged batteries, are ready to vape as is and typically require no maintenance. Typically disposable vapes do not have voltage or airflow adjustments. Nearly all disposable vape batteries today are designed with pre-heat functions, rechargeable batteries and charge ports. Disposable vapes mostly offer mouth to lung hits through on-draw activation or contain an activation button. Once all of the distillate has been enjoyed, the device can be disposed of and replaced with another.

Distillate

Distillate is a gooey, somewhat syrupy, oil. It is free of plant matter and/or unwanted compounds from the plant from which it was extracted. Hemp or cannabis distillate is highly desirable due to its high potency of favored cannabinoids and versatile methods of consumption. Concentrate distillates can be taken orally under the tongue or can be added to various recipes for cooking and baking. It can also be used in topical recipes and can be vaporized or dabbed. Distillate is the main ingredient in most hemp edibles and vape cartridges on the market.

Distillation

Distillation is a refining technique used to isolate cannabinoid compounds. Distillation is the last step in a five step process. The process begins with extraction and continues with winterization, filtration, decarboxylation and finally distillation. The distillation process begins with a heating instrument which heats and vaporizes the desired compounds in a solution without depleting them. The solution begins to re-condense back into a liquid and it is during this process that the compounds separate from the unwanted compounds in the original solution. Distillation allows for high potency consistency in any finished hemp products such as edibles, topicals and vaping cartridges.

Double Bond

A double bond is considered a covalent bond (A sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms.) between two atoms containing four bonded electrons instead of simply two electrons in a single bond. Double bonds often develop between two carbon atoms. The delta-9-THC compound has a molecular composition with single covalent bonds and one pair that is a double bond (in total it is six carbon atoms arranged in a cyclohexane ring bonded to two hydrogen atoms). Double bonds are the key aspect in cannabinoid compounds that induce psychoactive effects, as well as the potential for minimal or greater highs. Any cannabinoid that lacks double bonds in their molecular composition do not have psychoactive effects and therefore cannot intoxicate a user.

Dry Herb Vaporizer

A dry herb vaporizer is a vape device designed specifically to vaporize dry herb or hemp buds. It works by applying a particular heat setting to the ground herb in order to simply heat it, but not burn it. When the flower is not burned, but heated, it allows for the many compounds to express themselves without the harshness that combustion may bring. The average temperature for vaping dry herb is 350℉ (≃177℃) to 400℉ (≃204℃). The temperature setting can be adjusted to intensify flavor and/or vapor density. Higher temperatures are for more dense vapor clouds while lower temperatures are best for preserving flavors. There are three types of dry herb vaporizers. The first is conduction, which works by applying heat in direct contact to the herb. The second works by pushing hot air into an isolated compartment where the buds are packed and is known as convection. And the third type is a dry vape that combines conduction and convection heating methods to create vapor. Dry herb vaporizers come in various forms that include: portable dry herb vaporizers, desktop vaporizers and dry herb vape pens.

DTL

DTL (direct to lung) is a style of inhalation used by smokers and vapers. The DTL style of inhalation is set in motion when one inhales smoke or vapor directly into the lungs without holding it inside of their mouth. The smoke or vapor creates a much more intense and satisfying throat hit. This smoking/vaping style of inhalation is typically used by more advanced smokers/vapers.

Dub

In cannabis culture lingo a dub is considered to be 1 gram of flower. Back in the day, a dub cost $20.

E-Liquid

E-liquid, also known as vape juice, is an aerosol fluid that can be vaporized and inhaled. Originally e-liquid was specifically devised as a delivery system for nicotine. Ingredients found in e-liquid can vary, but the most typical e-liquid contains vegetable glycerine (VG), propylene glycol (PG), various food grade flavorings, nicotine and water. E-liquid can be found in a freebase state or in a nicotine salts form, and in hundreds of flavors ranging from tobacco to desserts. Freebase e-liquid with high ratios of VG and PG are ideal in sub-ohm vaporizer devices, while nicotine salt e-liquid is best with a lower powered vape kit. Today e-liquid is available with various levels of nicotine, while some e-liquid contains only hemp cannabinoids and no nicotine.

Ear Wax

Ear wax refers to cannabinoid concentrates that have a waxy honeycomb-like consistency or…ear wax. Similar to other concentrates, ear wax is perfectly potent and is created by a process known as butane extraction. Ear wax is great for a dab rig, a bong, a joint, a vaporizer or an edible recipe. No matter the method, ear wax will take you on a journey.

Earthy

Earthy is a term often used to describe flavor and aromas in hemp or cannabis flowers. Organic compounds such as terpenes often emanate a great depth of very richly potent flavors and aromas. It is said that this aroma can also be derived from a common bicyclic terpene found in soil known as geosmin. Spices, herbs and some vegetables like cumin, turmeric, coffee, garlic and beets are also recognized as having “earthy” flavors and aromatic qualities.

Edible

An edible in the hemp or cannabis industry is a food product that is made with hemp or cannabis extract. They are available in several forms such as baked goods, hard candies or soft chews, savory foods, syrups and beverages. The effects will vary and are dependent on dosage strength and how much is consumed. Other variants include gender, weight, tolerance, whether the edible is eaten on a full or empty stomach and metabolism. When an edible is consumed, it is absorbed through the gut and metabolized by the liver. The lingering cannabinoid compounds circulate through the heart and then pass through the blood brain barrier. The duration of effects after consuming an edible will vary. Effects may last up to eight hours, but are really dependent on individual tolerance and many of the factors listed above. Edibles are great for those individuals who do not wish to smoke or vape and/or for medical patients needing to increase their appetites.

Eighth

An eighth is a cannabis culture term for one-eighth of an ounce. An eighth is a measurement of 3.5 grams. Eighths are a fair amount for personal use and are mid-range affordable for most.

Endocannabinoid System (ECS)

The endocannabinoid system was discovered in 1992 by three researchers from Hebrew University in Jerusalem. The ECS is the largest receptor system and is the primary regulator of homeostasis in the body. This process includes interactions with the brain, the endocrine and immune systems. It is able to regulate all over the body due to its CB1 and CB2 receptors. CB receptors can be located in neurons within the central nervous system and in immune cells throughout the peripheral nervous system. It is considered a “retrograde system”, which infers it regulates systems via a negative feedback loop that activates postsynapse synthesizing. This is followed by the ECS releasing endocannabinoids targeting specific cannabinoid receptors. The ECS is a complicated system whose functions are still not fully known or understood. But the experts believe it plays a primary role in the ideal operation of the body.

Endocannabinoids

Endocannabinoids, also known as endogenous cannabinoids, are molecules that are made by the body that are similar to phytocannabinoids found in hemp plants. It has been found that endocannabinoids play a key role in multiple internal processes including maintaining homeostasis. There are numerous known endocannabinoids and have shown to be active in anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-metastatic roles. Studies show support that endocannabinoids also have a role in neurotransmitter, immune system and mitochondrial function. Anandamide and 2-AG (2-Archidonyl glycerol) are considered to be the two main endocannabinoids in the body.

Entourage Effect

The entourage effect was first recognized and coined by researchers Raphael Mechoulam and Shimon Ben-Shabat in 1998. They specifically were referring to their findings of inactive compounds somehow improving the therapeutic abilities of endocannabinoids 2-AG & anandamide. By 2001, Ethan Russo and John McPartland revealed in their published research paper support for Mechoulam and Ben-Shabat’s hypothesis of an “entourage effect”. They had found evidence to maintain the idea that “..secondary compounds in cannabis may enhance the beneficial effects of THC” and “may reduce THC-induced anxiety, cholinergic deficits and immunosuppression.” More recent studies have revealed that the consumption of full-spectrum cannabis products that include terpenes may allow for significantly more relief compared to cannabinoid isolates. It is commonly agreed upon by the supporters of the entourage effect theory that the blend and synergy of assorted cannabinoids produce effects that are not possible with isolated compounds. Each ingredient contributes to a whole that is greater than all its individual parts alone. And due to the chemical reactions of each compound, including terpenes and flavonoids, the resounding effects play a huge part in their value as possible curatives for a considerable amount of adverse human conditions.

Essential Oil

Essential oil is liquid concentrated in valuable compounds that make up the essence of the aromas from plants. This includes terpenes, flavonoids, phenols and terpenoids. Essential oils are extracted by a variety of processes including a steam process, distillation, solvent extraction, cold pressing and many more. The end product is typically used in topicals like lotions, salves, perfumes, soaps, household cleaning substances and other products. It is also used for flavoring in foods and drinks. Many use essential oils for aromatherapy and as a support with alternative medicines.

Ethanol Extraction

Ethanol extraction is a process that has been the preferred method of agricultural extraction throughout time. Alcohol is an extremely efficient solvent to extract the valuable oils from plants. The process begins by soaking or flushing grain alcohol / isopropyl through cured plant matter. The alcohol is then separated from the plant matter by evaporation or a purifying process. The final product is a highly concentrated mixture of cannabinoid compounds that can be used for many hemp products such as tinctures, topicals, vape carts or edibles.

Eucalyptus Oil

Eucalyptus oil comes from the eucalyptus tree. It contains an abundance of chemical compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. Eucalyptus oil has many positive properties that offer several benefits. It is considered an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiseptic and contains antioxidants. The oil from the eucalyptus offers a pleasant cooling sensation when applied to the skin. It works to reduce pain and inflammation, soothes sunburns and can help skin heal faster. Eucalyptus oil needs to be diluted with a carrier prior to applying to skin.

Eudesmol

Eudesmol is a bi-cyclic sesquiterpenoid. It has alpha, beta and gamma isomers, which all emit a sweet earthy aroma. Eudesmol flavors can be likened to that of a mix of lemons with limes, grapefruit and mandarin oranges. Current research shows that eudesmol has medicinal properties, specifically its viability in fighting cancer and tumor growth. It has also shown to bind to nicotinic receptors and may be a viable solution to help combat nicotine addiction. And it has shown potential to control one’s appetite through its interaction with the TRPA1 gene. Eudesmol is typically found in trace amounts in mostly indica strains.

Eugenol

Eugenol is a pale yellowish compound found in clove oil, bay oil, cinnamon leaves, all-spice and many other essential oils. It gives off a spicy aroma and has a boiling point of 444.5 °F (247.5 ℃). Its scientific designation is: 1-propenylphendiol-3-methyl ether. Eugenol is used in a variety of products such as pharmaceutics, topicals / cosmetics, food flavoring and more. It is also known as a natural antiseptic and an analgesic.

Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Olive oil is considered a type of vegetable oil. It is made from the fruit of the Olea europaea L. tree. The oil is extracted by pressing / crushing the olives, thereby releasing its oils for collection. Extra virgin olive oil or EVOO is the highest grade olive oil according to the standards of the International Olive Council (IOC). Due to the clean process of pressing, EVOO has the most antioxidants of all olive oils. EVOO is used in anti-inflammatory skin care products like lotions, soaps and salves. It helps to lock in moisture and is best for adding extra moisturization of dry skin. It is also used for cooking and can be found in countless recipes. EVOO contains numerous minor polyphenols, but its main phenolic compounds are oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. These are the most abundant and healthy antioxidants in EVOO that offer anticancer, anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties.

Extract

Verb: Extract is a process in which a substance from a raw material is drawn out with force such as pressure, distillation or evaporation. Noun: A hemp extract is an end product that can take the form of a liquid / oil, crystals, a sticky honey-like consistency or powder.

Farnesene

Farnesene, also known as trans-farnesene, is an organic compound and is considered to be a sesquiterpene. There are six distinct farnesene compounds that are all chemically similar. The main isomers are α-Farnesene and ꞵ-Farnesene, which are divided into subgroups called stereoisomers. Farnesene has a potent scent with a very sharp flavor and has sedative effects. It is described as a floral mixture of a green apple peel with hints of citrus and earthy wood. Farnesene is found in many plants and fruits such as sandalwood, ginger, gardenias, patchouli, potatoes, hops, hemp and more. Farnesene is known to act as a natural insect repellent and it also plays a role in the process of decay. Farnesene is often used in cosmetics, lubricants and resins. Research has shown farnesene to have quite a few potential health benefits such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-fungal applications. It is thought to also help improve digestion and may aid in preventing tooth decay.

Fatty Acid

A fatty acid is made up of hydrocarbon chains and carboxylic acid groups. This unique combination is the essential grouping that make-up lipids. Each fatty acid varies in length and hydrocarbon saturation rates. Fatty acids also control physical qualities of the lipid such as melting point and fluidity. Due to fatty acids, lipids are also hydrophobic, which means it is incapable of dissolving. Endocannabinoid compounds are a by-product of omega fatty acids and are what enable binding to cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, as well as a few other targeted binding areas.

Feminized Seed

Hemp and cannabis plants are dioecious plants. Their seeds produce plants with both male and female flowering parts. And so feminized seeds are seeds that are bred to produce female plants only. For commercial growers, female genetics are preferred based on their ability to produce higher quality plants with more extensive yields. The feminization of seeds appears to be a relatively simple process, however it necessitates great skill to master. There are two methods to feminize seeds. The first involves stressing out female plants by interfering with its light cycles during its flowering cycle. The second method consists of spraying female plants with colloidal silver or a solution with silver thiosulphate. Both work to disrupt hormones involved in flowering, particularly ethylene. Feminized seeds are extremely useful in creating a more efficient grow process.They take the guesswork out of germinating regular seeds as female seeds are able to simplify the growing process. And in this way, growers can maximize their grow process by saving time and space.

Fenchone

Fenchone is a terpene compound that is considered to be a monoterpenoid. It is one of the significant components of absinthe and is the essential oil of fennel. Other sources of fenchone are cedarwood, African wild sage and Spanish lavender. It has a very strong earthy yet mentholated camphor-like aroma. It is often used in aromatherapy and it is generally recognized that it contains beneficial anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic properties. It is often used to repel insects, heal wounds and is useful in regulating yeast infections. Fenchone has a boiling point of 380℉ (194℃).

Flash Chromatography

Flash chromatography is a chemical separation method used in chemistry to purify chemical mixtures. It is also referred to as flash purification. Scientists use this technique to isolate natural compounds or molecules, as well as to synthesize new ones. The basis of this separation process begins with the idea that compounds in a solution will separate from each other based on their differences in chemistry and with proper conditions. Each compound has differing solubility levels in particular solvents. The compounds with higher solubility will separate faster than those with lower solubility. As the compounds move away from each other, they can be individually collected and isolated from the original mixture. As the compounds are isolated, their purity increases compared to existing collections of a multitude of compounds. Flash chromatography is more rapid than other chemical separation methods. In addition to this, flash chromatography is more efficient at minimizing losses while also avoiding the risk of product deterioration.

Flavonoid

A flavonoid is a phytochemical found in a variety of fruits and vegetables, as well as grains, bark, roots, stems and flowers. Flavonoids have six subclasses: anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones, flavonols and polymers. Examples of foods containing the highest amounts of flavonoids are: berries, apples, citrus fruits like lemons or grapefruit and grapes; leafy greens like spinach and broccoli; legumes, onions, and tea leaves and wine. Some research has shown that flavonoids have properties that are capable of reducing inflammation, regulating cell enzyme function, inhibiting oxidation and more. Studies have their limitations, but seem to continue to exhibit the health benefits of flavonoids.

Flower

A flower is known as the blossoming portion of a plant. It is considered to be the reproductive feature found in flowering plants. As a flower develops through its growth stages, it generates gametophytes, which consists of haploid cells that produce gametes. There are male and female gametophytes and when the pollen of another plant is introduced to the stigma of a plant it begins the process of pollination. Some flowers can self-pollinate while other plants prevent self-pollination through various mechanisms and work to promote cross-pollination. Each plant is then able to spread its genetics and create more flowers with the help of insects such as bees or butterflies and/or through wind pollination. Flowers grow in a multitude of colors, aromas, shapes and sizes due to genetic variation and environmental factors. Flowers throughout time have had a significant connection with human beings not only for their beauty and pleasant scents, but also as a source of nutrients, medicine and so much more.

Flowering Time

Flowering time is the stage in which a plant produces mature flowers. When growing outdoors, flowering times are generally affected by the length of time the flower is exposed to sunlight. Sativa plants are known to take a bit more time to flower than indica plants. This is due to climates and the plants natural ability to adapt. Indicas were generally grown in colder climates, whereas sativa plants were typically grown in warmer climates. Warmer climates allow the flowers to mature more slowly without becoming vulnerable to cold wet weather and mold. Whereas indica plants grown in more northern climates experience shorter flowering time to avoid frigid temperatures, moisture and mold growth. Sativa plants, on average, have flowering times between 8-10 weeks or longer. Indica plants, on average, go through the flowering stage in between 7-8 weeks. However, general flowering times are based on plants grown in optimal environmental conditions. The flowering stage will always vary and ultimately the grower decides when a harvest should commence.

Full Melt

Considered the highest quality bubble hash, Full Melt is so refined that when heated, it bubbles away all possible residue. Hence, the name “full melt”. The best quality bubble hash is passed through very restrictive mesh screens in order to keep all plant material from passing through. This ensures the collection of the potent plant resin only and the cleanest bubble hash hits every time.

Full Spectrum

Full spectrum is a phrase in the hemp industry used to refer to concentrates that contain a wide range of compounds. Compounds such as cannabinoids, terpenes and essential oils are all derived directly from the hemp plants flowers. Full spec hemp may contain up to 0.3% Delta-9 THC. When comparing isolates, broad spec and full spec hemp products, full spectrum is known to produce the best and most comprehensive effects. This is due to the wider variety of cannabinoids and terpenes found in full spec products. Full spectrum is also the least processed compared to isolates and broad spectrum concentrates. Along with THC, the remaining compounds all work together hypothesized as the entourage effect, which seems to increase effects and benefits. When cannabinoids bind to endocannabinoid receptors they are known to help regulate inflammation and minor pains. Effects also include mood boosts and anxiety relief as well.

Functional Mushrooms

Functional mushrooms is a term that refers to over 2,000 different edible mushrooms that contain health boosting compounds. Mushrooms are composed of a unique array of bioactive compounds that have been found to support specific bodily systems and have been used for thousands of years by those practicing Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine. Functional mushrooms have the potential to effectively contribute to anti-cancer treatments in addition to offering a variety of benefits related to cognition, mood and the immune system. Each mushroom offers its own distinct benefits, but most act as adaptogens that work with the body to help regulate hormone function and stress in order to maintain homeostasis. Functional mushrooms are safe to consume, they are not psychedelic and are considered an exceptional addition to any daily wellness routine. Though functional mushrooms are safe to consume, they are not meant to be eaten raw. For supplementation, it is best to consume through other edible sources such as gummies, capsules, powders or tinctures. Powders and tinctures may be added to coffee, tea or fruit smoothies. Adaptogens such as functional mushrooms work slowly and show best results from long term supplementation with high quality products and effective doses.

Ganja

Ganja is one of the oldest and most common terms used to refer to cannabis. Its earliest recorded usage can be traced as far back as 1689. Gañjā is a term derived from Sanskrit. It refers to the power behind the cannabis sativa plant. The word can be traced throughout history and was used in Europe as early as 1856 when British colonists introduced a ganja trade tax. Today the word is more closely associated with Jamaican culture and reggae music. Its significance and usage throughout time is unique as it can be associated with Sanskrit, European culture, slavery, western culture and the development of a new culture and Rastafari religion.

Gary Payton

Gary Payton is a former professional basketball player for the NBA. Payton's career was long and successful as a point guard for the Seattle Supersonics, Milwaukee Bucks, Lakers, Celtics and the Miami Heat. He was known for his famous trash-talking on the court and holds the record for the 21st highest scorer in NBA history. GP is also the namesake for a cannabis hybrid strain that is a cross between the Y and Snowman. It is also known as Cookies Gary Payton or CGP. GP bud is often described as being sweet mini-minty frosty nugs with bright orange pistils that give off pungent aromas of an earthy sour diesel.

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is exhibited between organisms of the same species by the expression or non-expression of particular genes. The combination of genetic variation with environmental variations are the main causes for the variety of phenotypes. Each individual cannabis strain has its own genetic makeup that influences the plant's characteristics and effects. Genetic variation accounts for the differences in the cannabis plant's size, color, density, effects, potency, aroma, taste and even the harvest yield.

Genome

A genome is all the DNA or genetic information of an organism. The DNA found in a cell is an information molecule that contains all the necessary material needed for an organism to develop and function. Genomes teach us about structure, size and the vast diversity, as well as similarities across all types of life forms. Genomes vary in size, but studies have found that there seems to be no parallels between biological complexity and genome size. The human genome contains around 3 billion nucleotides, while some plants can contain as many as 150 billion. Therefore, many life forms on planet earth significantly exceed the human genome.

Ginseng

Ginseng is a root that grows from the plant species within the genus Panax. There are a multitude of different species of ginseng around the world, but only 13 are specifically categorized under the Panax genus. Panax is a word that is derived from the Greek word ‘panakeia’, which means ‘ all-healing’. It is known as an adaptogenic and has been used for thousands of years in traditional Chinese medicine. More research with ginseng is needed, however ginseng has shown to induce a variety of physiological and pharmacological effects in nervous systems. The various active components of ginseng are ginsenosides, also known as ginseng saponins, gintonin, polysaccharides, polypeptides, glycoconjugate and various other compounds. The ginseng root is typically used for improving stamina, cognitive function, boosting immunity and increasing overall wellness. It is believed to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue and anti-aging properties. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate ginseng into an everyday wellness routine.

Granddaddy Purple

Granddaddy Purple is a highly popular indica strain. It is also known as GDP, Grand Daddy Purps, Grand Daddy Purp or Granddaddy Purple Kush. This beautiful strain was created by crossing three different strains. The strains include Mendo Purps, Skunk and Afghanistan. Granddaddy Purple inherits all the best genetic traits such as its grape/blueberry aromas from Mendo Purps and Afghani. Its flowers tend to be similar to the Skunk strain as they flourish into tightly dense purple nugs with impressive amounts of resinous trichomes. The combination of effects from these kind buds are said to be very cerebral yet perceptible in the body too. It is a long-lasting euphoria that brings calm and relaxation, as well as an increase in appetite.

Guaiol

Guaiol, also known as champacol, is a unique terpene due to its chemical composition. It is not as abundant as other terpenes and is not as heavily researched. Guaiol is considered an alcohol-based sesquiterpenoid and consists of a multi-ringed molecular structure. Due to its liquid based composition, Guaiol has a lower boiling point (197.6℉) and should be vaped at lower temperature settings. Guaiol emits an earthy pine aroma and is commonly found in nutmeg, conifers, apples, cumin, lilacs and hemp. It has been used for many generations as an insect repellent, as well as for a natural remedy for coughs and/or congestion. Modern research has found promise in Guaiol as it has shown to offer some anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-parasitic benefits.

Gummies

A gummy is a gelatin-based confectionary that gained popularity with the world's first gummy by “Unclaimed Babies” in Lancashire in 1864. The name “gummy” originated in Germany, while the term “jelly sweet” prevails in parts of Europe such as England. Gummy candies have a long history of assorted ingredients. It begins with gelatin, sugar, starch, coloring, water and various flavoring agents. More modern manufacturers of gummy candies have begun using high fructose corn syrup, citric acid or malic acid for sour gummies. Other alternative ingredients include other gelling agents to create gummy chews for vegetarians and vegans. Hemp gummies are no different. They simply include U.S. grade hemp extract along with the base of ingredients that create the perfect edible.

H4CBD

H4CBD is the abbreviation for hexahydrocannabidiol or hydrogenated CBD. It is a synthetic formulation created in the early 20th century by scientists experimenting with cannabinoids. H4CBD is created when hydrogen atoms are introduced to CBD molecules. H4CBD contains four added hydrogen atoms. In 2006, a research team conducted a study on H4CBD and determined that it has the ability to interact with CB1 receptors and that it may have potential for anti-inflammatory effects. Anecdotal evidence makes claims that H4CBD effects are similar to CBD with an added boost of mild euphoric psychoactivity. However, more research is necessary to understand the general effects and potentials of H4CBD.

Hash Rosin

Hash rosin is a more refined version of rosin that is created using high quality bubble hash. In order to make hash rosin, the hemp plant matter is put through a lengthy ice water extraction process prior to the rosin extraction process. In a bath of ice water, hemp flowers are agitated in order to free the trichomes from the plant matter. Screens are used to collect the compounds such as cannabinoids and terpene within the trichomes. With this material the hash is created, then dried and cured for a short time prior to undergoing the process of rosin extraction. Hash rosin is extremely high quality and is quite potent. The finished product commonly is a light color with a very clean profile of flavors and aromas. Due to the fact that hash rosin is a solventless hemp concentrate, it is often preferred due to its purity, high potency and amazing flavors.

Hashish

Hashish or hash is a highly concentrated extract made from the resinous trichomes on the hemp/cannabis plant. Hashish has a long history and has been enjoyed for centuries throughout the world in places like Afghanistan, Morocco, Egypt, Pakistan and more. The word “hashish” is from the Arabic language and can be translated to something akin to “grass”. In the present day, it is typically consumed by vaporization, smoking in a pipe, bong or wrapped in joint papers along with tobacco. The earliest records of hashish use confirm that it was more commonly consumed by infusion into foods or beverages. The consistency of hashish can vary from solid, brittle or supple. Its appearance ranges in colors, but hash commonly will range from light to dark brown. Hashish is known to activate euphoria and relaxation, as well as increase appetite.

Hemp Derived Terpenes

Hemp derived terpenes, or HDT, are natural compounds found in the trichomes of cannabis plants. These aromatic hydrocarbons are sticky glands found throughout the surfaces of the buds, leaves and stems of the plant. They play many parts in the growth and development of the plant. HDT produce specific aromas and flavors. They also contribute to the various colors of the flower buds and leaves. HDT protect the plants from environmental stressors and pathogens too. And they can also offer support by somehow triggering immune responses from the plant. There are an estimated 400 or so hemp terps. Scientists are rigorously studying their effects on the plant, and the effects of their interactions with cannabinoids. HDT are often isolated and then reintroduced to various hemp products such as tinctures, distillates, skin care products and more.

HHC

Hexahydrocannabinol, or HHC, is found in trace concentrations in the cannabis or hemp plant. To produce in higher quantities, it is necessary to use advanced chemistry techniques to create a consistent and pure product. American chemist, Roger Adams, discovered HHC in 1940 by successfully isolating HHC by a degradative process involving the THC molecule. Due to this, scientists realized the great possibilities of chemically modifying cannabinoids to create new compounds. The process to create HHC begins with extracting THC from the plant using a solvent extraction or a supercritical CO2. Then chemists transform the extract into a mixture of delta 8 THC and delta 9 THC from hemp CBD. The process of hydrogenation comes next and chemists add hydrogen molecules to the THC molecules in the presence of a catalyst. This is performed with a pressurized container, hydrogen gas and a catalyst such as iridium, lithium or palladium. A catalyst is used to help stimulate a quicker chemical reaction, and also establishes a more efficient transformation of the compounds. The last essential step is to purify the HHC in order to remove any other unwanted present compounds. This last step is also crucial for ensuring high levels of quality and purity. HHC contains two main isomers, 9R-HHC and 9S-HHC. 9R-HHC is an active form that binds to the endocannabinoid receptors well. 9S-HHC does not bind well to receptors and does not have a very high potency. Most often the ratio of HHC is 1:1 or 1:2 of 9R-HHC and 9S-HHC. There are claims that HHC is about 70 to 80% of the potency of delta 9 THC. Some make claims that with higher doses, HHC may become more intense with longer lasting effects. Research suggests that HHC has effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and may have potential for treating an array of medical conditions. It also may be effective in treating chronic pain, reducing anxiety and depressive states. HHC can now be found in tinctures, vape cartridges, gummies, capsules, concentrates and topicals.

HHCO

HHCO or hexahydrocannabinol acetate does not occur naturally in the hemp plant like HHC. It is a hemp derivative and is considered a hydrogenated compound. In order to synthesize HHCO, HHC must be made first. Manufacturers take hemp extract that contains high amounts of delta 8-THC. Then through the process of hydrogenation, the d8 chemically alters into hexahydrocannabinol (HHC). Next, acetic anhydride is applied to the HCC compound and it becomes HHCO. This is a process known as acetylation. It is an induced chemical reaction whereby a hydrogen atom is substituted for an acetyl group in a compound. This process boosts the potency up between 1.5 times and 3 times that of HHC.

HHCP

HHCP is the abbreviation for hexahydrocannabiphorol. It is a hydrogenated synthetic compound created by the chemical modification of HHC, which is a hydrogenated analog of Delta 9 THC. HHCP is said to have ten times the strength of HHC on account of the additional carbon atoms on its molecular side chain. The chemical structure of HHCP has increased stability compared to THC based cannabinoids. This increased stability allows for enhanced bioavailability, as well as a stronger and more efficient binding to CB1 receptors in the brain. HHCP’s enhanced bioavailability allows for a very potent cerebral and body high, and should be taken in smaller doses. The potential benefits of HHCP are unknown as there is no clinical research available.

High Perfomance Liquid Chromatography

High performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is the standard method for testing hemp products in most professional laboratories. It is a process that actively dissolves a product sample using a solvent in order to allow components of the sample to move freely. The dissolved test sample is then contained in tubes and undergoes a significant amount of pressure. And lastly, it is passed through high pressure HPLC columns to detect the total contents of the sample. Detection is based on content characteristics like color, movement rates and density. HPLC can identify the constituents of hemp product samples with as low a concentration as parts per trillion. Hemp products that undergo 3rd party testing using HPLC are beneficial to the consumer because the quality of the product is unmistakable.

High Terpene Extract (HTE)

High terpene extract, or HTE, is a concentrate that contains high percentages of terpenes extracted from hemp or cannabis plants. The process of extraction is complex and begins with high quality flowers. Preservation of the live plants' aromas and flavors is extremely important in order to get the entire profile of terpenes of the specific strain. Removal of all cannabinoids from the resin is done using heat and pressure. This is performed with a high pressure compression machine. Removal of the plant's fats and lipids is achieved by a process that involves freezing temperatures and solvents. After the removal of the solvent, the result is a terpene rich aromatic, flavorful and extremely potent concentrate.

High Terpene Full Spectrum Extract

High terpene full spectrum extract or HTFSE is a full spectrum hemp or cannabis extract. It is concentrated with a diverse array of terpenes and cannabinoids. The terpenes are extracted using a complex system that utilizes low temperatures in order to protect all the beneficial compounds while removing all the other undesired plant matter. And the cannabinoids are extracted with a process using heat and high pressure. Terpenes offer extremely fragrant aromas and flavors. Terpenes are also thought to synergistically interact with cannabinoids to augment the overall effects felt by the user. HTSFE comes in a sauce or resin like form and is most often dabbed or vaporized. It is also referred to as high terpene extract (HTE) or terp sauce.

Holy Basil

Ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as holy basil or tulsi, is a plant belonging to the Lamiaceae or mint family. Holy basil is a native plant of the Indian subcontinent and grows throughout Southeast Asia. Holy basil has the appearance of a short shrub that grows fragrant green or purple leaves and small purple or white flowers. Its flavors and aromas are similar to Italian basil and mint. It is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine, mostly in the form of an herbal tea, for a variety of conditions. Holy basil is known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties and is often used to help fight infections, digestive disorders and/or reduce stress. Holy basil is also considered to be a sacred plant in Hinduism as it is considered to be a manifestation of the goddess Lakshmi. It is especially sacred to the devotees of Vishnu and often Hindu homes have specific spaces dedicated to the holy basil plant. This practice stems from the belief that the holy basil plant fosters an environment for piety and meditation.

HPLC

High performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is the standard method for testing hemp products in most professional laboratories. It is a process that actively dissolves a product sample using a solvent in order to allow components of the sample to move freely. The dissolved test sample is then contained in tubes and undergoes a significant amount of pressure. And lastly, it is passed through high pressure HPLC columns to detect the total contents of the sample. Detection is based on content characteristics like color, movement rates and density. HPLC can identify the constituents of hemp product samples with as low a concentration as parts per trillion. Hemp products that undergo 3rd party testing using HPLC are beneficial to the consumer because the quality of the product is unmistakable.

Humulene

Humulene is a terpene that is found in abundance in various cannabis and hop plants. It is also present in numerous herbs and spices like sage, clove, basil, black pepper, coriander and ginseng. Humulene presents a fresh earthy herbal / wood-like aroma and tastes bitter with a bit of lasting spice. It is a relative of beta-caryophyllene with a contrasting pattern of atoms in its molecule. Humulene is said to contribute to the cannabis plant's natural defense system against fungus and pests. It is considered to be a sesquiterpene, which are known to have slightly more intense odors and have substantial anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. It has shown positive benefits in anti-inflammatory effects when applied topically. This terpene has also shown to relieve pain and suppress appetite. Humulene has a boiling point of 222.8 ℉ (106 ℃).

HXC

HXC is simply another name for Hexahydrocannabinol or HHC. HXC is the same compound as HHC. HXC occurs in very low concentrations in hemp flowers. It exists in such low quantities that it simply cannot be collected in bulk amounts. To create HXC, hemp lab experts put the CBD compound through the process of isomerization. Through isomerization the Delta-8 THC compound is synthesized. The Delta-8 THC compound then undergoes a hydrogenation process which replaces one of the double bonds on the D8 THC molecule with double hydrogen atoms. HXC is psychoactive and can produce a well-balanced mild euphoria. Anecdotal evidence makes claims that the HXC experience offers a clear mind and inspires creativity without any feelings of paranoia or anxiety. The potential benefits of HXC are unknown as there is no clinical research available.

HXC-O

Hexahydrocannabinol-O Acetate, or HXC-O, is a synthetic form of hexahydrocannabinol or HXC. It is synthesized by taking the HXC compound and combining it with acetate in order to transform its molecular structure. It is thought that the difference in molecular structure is what allows for a more efficient attachment to CB1 receptors in the brain. And therefore enables HXC-O’s effects to be more powerful than HXC. There are claims that HXC-O is at least 1.5 times more intoxicating than HXC and offers mood lifting, euphoric effects. Not much else is known beyond anecdotal testaments as to the strength of the high, the effects or the possible therapeutic benefits HXC-O may offer. HXC-O is still a relatively new discovery and researchers have yet to conduct a sufficient amount of research to understand more about its effects and/or potential uses.

HXY-10 THC

HXY-10 THC or 10-hydroxy THC, is a byproduct of the THC compound. When THC is consumed, the body produces several double bonded molecules referred to as metabolites including HXY-10 THC. As a byproduct of THC, the body efficiently and quickly absorbs it into the system. There is no current medical research on HXY-10 THC and therefore there is little to no genuine information regarding this metabolite. What is generally recognized is that it does behave similarly to other cannabinoids in how it attaches to endocannabinoid receptors in the body and other bodily systems. There is no real substantial data on the high it may produce, but as a byproduct of THC, it very well may evoke psychoactive results. It may be safe to assume that it may share common effects with Delta 9 THC and may offer reduction in stress, improved mood, sleep support, increased appetite and much more. HXY-10 THC is commonly found in vapes, edibles and some concentrates.

HXY8-THC

HXY8-THC is also known as 8 Hydroxy THC or 8HXY THC. It is a double bond molecule and is considered a metabolite or byproduct of cannabis compounds. HXY8-THC is created by the body after THC is consumed. As the THC compound makes its way into the bloodstream, the body begins to metabolize it and as it does this, the HXY8-THC molecule forms. By breaking down the THC, the body enables itself to absorb the subsequent molecule more easily and enables an individual to feel psychoactive effects. Due to this, hemp industry leaders were driven to isolate the HXY8-THC molecule. For reasons being that if the body can avoid having to go through the process of metabolization and simply just absorb the potent metabolite immediately, it will enable a much faster high. But still, not much is known about this metabolite, only that it certainly is absorbed by the body quite quickly. It is believed to have high potency and should be consumed with care. Due to this, it is often not recommended for dabbing or for those who are more sensitive to edibles.

HXY9-THC

HXY9-THC is also referred to as 9 Hydroxy THC or 9HXY THC and is considered a metabolite or byproduct of cannabis compounds. It is a double bond molecule that is created subsequently after THC is consumed. When the cannabinoid enters the bloodstream, the body begins to metabolize it. A variety of metabolites can be created by cannabinoids and one of them is the HXY9-THC molecule. Breaking down cannabinoids enables the body to absorb it more efficiently and offer the consumer psychoactive effects. As a metabolite, the HXY9-THC molecule can offer psychoactive effects even more efficiently and quickly than even the Delta 9 THC compound due to the rapidity of absorption. Many users have claimed it is quite potent and should be consumed with care. Not much is known in respect to this cannabis byproduct as not much research has been performed or published.

Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid is an aminoglycan that can be found in the synovial fluid of joints and the vitreous humor of the eyes. It helps skin to stretch and flex easier, as well as reduces skin lines and wrinkles. It has also shown to work towards healing skin wounds faster and reducing scarring. Hyaluronic acid is used to not only heal wounds, but skin ulcers, burns, eczema and bed sores as well. It is great for lubrication of the joints and allows them to move more smoothly, protects them from wear and can help to reduce swelling / inflammation. As the body ages, it produces less collagen and hyaluronic acid helps boost collagen production.This benefit will work to keep the skin looking healthy and supple.

Indica

Indica is a species of plant in the family of Cannabaceae. Cannabis indica is indigenous to Southern Asia. Indica is most often used as a long standing term that classifies the buds effects. It is a botanical term that refers to the plant’s structure and not the effects it provides. Indica flowers will not always deliver a “couch lock” effect, just like sativas will not always energize consumers. Initially indica flowers grew in harsh northern climates that are cold and experience heavy precipitation. Due to environmental conditions, the indica plant has much shorter growth cycles. Indica plants are petite with dense flowers compared to other cannabis plants grown in warmer climates.

Isolate

Isolate is a pure and very potent cannabinoid concentrate that can be derived from hemp or cannabis. The biomass is taken from the hemp plant and immediately taken through a multi-step process in order to isolate the desired cannabinoid. It begins with winterization followed by decarboxylation and finally distillation. Each step is crucial in producing extremely high purity levels of isolated cannabinoids. Isolate does not contain any other compounds including terpenes, flavonoids or essential oils and any other non-essential active cannabinoids. It is virtually flavorless and results in a clear oil that can be used in a multitude of ways. Generally, isolate is vaporized, used in food recipes, topicals or put into gel capsules for easy ingesting.

Jelly Donut

The Jelly Donut is an illustrious cannabis strain that some say was created by the genetic crossing of Purple Punch and French Toast. Others make claims that Jelly Donut is a cross between Girl Scout Cookies and Louis XIII. Despite the debate, it seems to be agreed upon that the Jelly Donut strain is considered an indica-dominant hybrid flower. Cannabinoid content can land anywhere between 17 and 20%. The most abundant terpenes in Jelly Donut seem to be pinene, myrcene and caryophyllene. The Jelly Donut strains flavors and aromas are also debated. Some describe flavors as similar to that of grapes, berries and sage. While others describe it as having a sour citrus flavor with earthy undertones. Reported effects are very similar regardless of the genetics and flavor disputes. They include feelings of relaxing euphoria with giggly happiness and a reduction in anxiety. The Jelly Donuts strain may help with chronic pain, stress, insomnia and depression.

Jelly Donutz

Jelly Donutz, not to be confused with Jelly Donut, is a cannabis flower strain that can be found in four varieties created by three different breeders. Jelly Donutz is bred by Humboldt Seed and its lineage includes Hella Jelly and White Runtz. It is considered an indica leaning hybrid strain and can contain anywhere from 30-35% cannabinoids. Jelly Donutz is not only extremely potent, but it is quite sweet too. The flavor profile is often compared to cotton candy while some say there are hints of apricot with an earthy floral finish. It offers pleasant effects that are said to be energizing and mood lifting. There are also other users who report a considerable reduction in anxiety. The other three varieties are aptly named Jupiter Jelly Donutz, Frozen Jelly Donutz and Razzberry Jelly Donutz.

Joint

A joint is a cigarette-like roll made by stuffing ground hemp flower into rolling papers. Rolling papers are thin and come in various sizes such as singles, 1 ¼ , 1 ½ , wide, slims and cones. Flavored papers are also available in flavors like grape and chocolate. The thinner the paper, the less it will affect the flavor transfer of the herb while smoking. Thicker papers tend to burn slower, whereas thin papers burn quickly. Rolling takes practice for a proper joint smoking experience, but overtime it will prove to be a rewarding lifelong enterprise. Joints are best anytime of the day or night, and with or without company.

Kief

As the hemp plant matures resin glands form on the bud flowers. These resinous glands are known as trichomes, which resemble miniature crystals that make the bud appear frosted with a fine sugar. Within these mini crystals is where the plant's famous compounds such as THC and CBD are found in addition to terpenes and many other compounds that enrich the hemp plant with its psychoactive effects and analgesic properties. When the trichomes grow in abundance and then dry out, they detach from the plant. Once the trichomes are collected it becomes a collection of kief. At this point, oxidation has taken place and the kief develops a golden brownish color. It can be used in joints, bowls or in a vaping sesh. If enough kief is available it can be pressed into a ball of hash. Kief usually contains a high amount of THC and one hit of it can be intense. We recommend using it on top of flower as pure kief can be harsh.

King Trumpet

King Trumpet, also known as King Oyster, Trumpet Royale or Boletus of the steppes, is the largest member of the Pleurotus genus. There are five distinct varieties of the king trumpet mushroom and they all have different flavors, nutritional values and health benefits. This particular species of mushroom grows a tall, thick white stem topped with a convex cap that has thin gills. As the mushroom develops, the cap flattens out. The trumpet royale hasn’t a clear history like many other mushrooms, but it has been reported that perhaps it was used in Ancient Mexico and it was briefly described by Swiss botanist Augustin Pyramus de Candolle as early as 1815. King trumpets are typically found growing on hardwood trees like oaks or maples. They are considered to be functional fungi due to their valuable health supporting potentials. The king oyster fruiting body is mostly composed of proteins and fiber, with almost no fat present. It is considered a good source of antioxidants, particularly selenium and ergothioneine, which works to reduce damage from free radicals and oxidative stress. They are particularly rich in B vitamins, beta-glucans and are among the best mushrooms for a healthy gut. Due to their meaty texture, king royale mushrooms are perfect for culinary recipes, tea and coffee, and can be taken in supplement form. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate king trumpet mushrooms into an everyday wellness routine.

Kush

Kush is a term that is widely used in popular culture to imply extremely dank buds. However, Kush is in fact a variety of cannabis that specifically hails from the Hindu Kush Mountain Range. This mountain range spans 500 miles through Central and South Asia and is west of the Himalayas. Kush cannabis is a native plant to the region and can be found growing naturally. Kush genetics display a natural resistance to cold harsh conditions and do not necessitate an overly substantial amount of water. These plants grow stout and hardy despite living in a dry frigid climate. The flowers grow dense green buds with orange pistils and hints of purple coloring. General attributes of the kush plant including bud color variations, aromas and flavors will vary based on the specific phenotypes or genetic expressions. The effects it offers are often described as relaxing with a meditative cerebral euphoria and a tranquil body high. Today it is very difficult to find landrace strains as there are mostly several Kush hybrids available that share some genetics with the original Afghani Kush progenitor. OG Kush, Kush Mints, Bubba Kush and Master Kush are just a few examples of the most popular Kush buds on the market today.

Landrace

Landrace is a term used for original hemp strains that have been growing naturally in their wild native environment allowing for the plant's genetics to go through the process of natural selection and environmental adaptation. Cannabis plants adapt well to various environments and many centuries ago humans were able to take the plant with them wherever they traveled throughout the world. Landrace strains have originated in the Middle East, the African continent, Central South Asia, and Central and South America. It is estimated that there are more than 30 original landrace hemp strains from all around the globe. The most notable examples of landrace strains are Afghan, Hindu Kush, Thai, Acapulco Gold and Puna Buddaz.

Legend Of The Four Thieves

The legend of the four thieves goes back to France during the Black Plague. According to the legend, during the plague there were four young brothers whose parents were herbalists. Due to the plague, the herbalists' income was cut short and their family was in need of a solution if they were going to survive. It was then that the four brothers became the four thieves by using a “secret” herbal recipe to protect themselves from the dangers of the deadly plague. They would rob graveyards and the homes of the sick and dying. Eventually the thieves were caught and forced to share their secret life-saving concoction. There are multiple claims to the recipe of their potion. It mostly involves a combination of these assorted ingredients: vinegar, rosemary, sage, camphor, lavender, clove, cinnamon, eucalyptus and lemon. It is a legend after all, so whether or not there is any truth to the story or not is up to your discretion. There is much historical evidence for the time frame of this legend that most essential oils were not readily available in France during that era. However, this should not discount the benefits of plant compounds when it comes to the skin, body and mind.

Lemon Essential Oil

Lemon essential oil is a derivative of the lemon tree. The lemon tree is native to Asia and is thought to be a cross between bitter orange and citron. Citron is said to be the original species that all citrus fruits evolved from. Ancient civilizations discovered lemon oil’s antiseptic and antibacterial properties early on and often used it to treat diseases. It has been well documented throughout history that it was used to protect against scurvy and lack of vitamin C. In addition, it is now used in various cleaning products for purification, aromatherapy and massage therapy. Lemon oil is made up of limonene, pinene, camphene, sabinene, myrcene, terpinene, linalool, bisabolene, bergamotene, nerol and neral. All these wonderful compounds contribute in a unique way to the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and balancing effects it has on circulation, metabolism and even digestive function. This essential oil necessitates at least 1000 lemons to generate about a pound of usable oil. It is captured by taking the peels and introducing them to a steam or cold-press extraction process. Lemon oil is very bitter and sharp, but its fragrance is incredibly refreshing and invigorating.

Licorice Root

Glycyrrhiza glabra, otherwise referred to as licorice root or liquorice, is a Fabaceae bean plant family member. It is a flowering plant that grows from a very sweet and aromatic root. The liquorice plant is considered to be an herbal perennial legume and is native to Western Asia, Southern Europe and North Africa. It is mostly known for its flavoring/aromas in candy, teas, topicals and other products. Its use can be traced very far back to ancient civilizations in Egypt, Assyria, China and India. It was used for a variety of conditions such as lung, liver and kidney diseases. Today it is often used for digestive issues, bacterial or viral infections and symptoms of menopause.

Limonene

Limonene is most commonly found in citrus fruits like oranges, lemons and limes. It is responsible for the citrus aromas. It is regularly used as an ingredient in medicines, as well as products like beverages, chewing gum, fragrances and cleaning supplies. This terpene is widely studied and has proven to contain anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. And it has many other beneficial health applications as well. For the body, limonene is known to foster uplifting mood boosts and works towards reducing stress. It has also shown promise in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Limonene has a boiling point of 348.8 ℉ (176 ℃).

Linalool

Linalool is commonly found in cannabis cultivars and throughout nature. Rosewood, bergamot, coriander, rose, jasmine and lavender are just a few examples. It is prevalent in aromatherapy, in body care products and has been used for medicinal purposes for generations. Linalool is a monoterpene and has many alternative designations such as beta-linalool, linaloyl oxide, linalyl alcohol and p-linalool. Linalool has a pleasant floral lavender scent and produces mood boosts with a sense of relaxation. It has proven to reduce inflammation and relieve inflammatory pain, as well as reducing anxiety, and depression. Linalool has also shown capacity for health benefits such as inhibiting fungal infections and/or fungal growth, more specifically the yeast infection candida. Linalool has a boiling point of 388.4 ℉ (198 °C).

Lion's Mane

Hericium erinaceus, or Lion’s Mane mushroom, is a popular functional mushroom that is well-studied and has been used throughout many centuries in traditional medicine. It is considered a wood-rotting mushroom and is native to forests all over the world with temperate climates. As a wood-rotting mushroom, Lion’s Mane mushrooms receive their energy and nutrients through the process of wood decomposition. Wood decomposition plays an important part in the process of nutrient cycling within the forest. It is the system in which bioavailable nutrients become accessible to the surrounding plants and organisms. The Lion’s Mane mushroom does not have a stem or a cap, but is a spherical white mushroom with long tassel-like teeth. Research suggests that Lion’s Mane has the ability to interact with the nervous system in order to enhance brain function. It has shown to improve mood, enhance memory and even promote good digestive health. Researchers have also suggested that Lion’s Mane may offer aid in the prevention of dementia and/or Alzheimer’s disease. Among the various compounds found in Lion’s Mane, the most well-known are the beta glucans, hericenones and erinacines. The latter two compounds have shown the ability to reduce amyloid plaque and regenerate the myelin sheath, which is the substance that wraps around the axons in your nerves and supports more efficient neurotransmission. In addition, Lion’s Mane has also shown potential in reducing depression and anxiety, while improving immune function. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate Lion’s Mane mushrooms into an everyday wellness routine.

Live Resin

Live resin is a concentrate that is very potent with high THC levels and incredible flavors. It is made from a fresh harvest of uncured cannabis flowers. Many live resin enthusiasts believe that this form of concentrate maintains freshness longer, as well as cannabinoid potency and flavors from the flowers uncured terpene profile. Live resin is made by freezing the uncured, live hemp flowers immediately after harvesting. Specifically, the cannabis is frozen using liquid nitrogen or dry ice to prevent evaporation of the beneficial compounds found in the trichomes. After it is frozen, laboratory technicians use specialized lab equipment to heat butane, BHO or other hydrocarbon solvents. By using intense heat, lab techs are able to administer high amounts of pressure to carefully retrieve the live resin without diminishing its valuable compounds. The finished product typically will appear golden or any variety of the gold color, but sometimes it is white. The color is commonly dependent on the strain of the flower used to make the live resin. The consistency of the substance is similar to oil or sauce and can be quite sticky. The terpenes generally play a role in determining the texture and consistency of the finished product. It is very malleable and so it can be manipulated into different forms. It can be formed to resemble crumble, wax, badder or even diamonds. It can be smoked, vaped, dabbed or used for food recipes. Live resin was first created in 2013 by William Fenger and Jason Emo.

Maitake

Maitake, also known as maitako, is an adaptogenic mushroom. In Japanese, maitake means 'dancing mushroom'. It is often used in culinary recipes, but it is considered a medicinal mushroom. Maitake prefer growing on hardwood trees like oaks, but can also be found on softwood trees. They grow in circular clusters with wavy shelf-like caps in layered formations. Maitake mushrooms are shades of light brown with creamy white coloration under the caps that contain few pores. They have earthy aromas with a crunchy texture and a meaty, yet wild earthy flavor. Maitake can grow quite large, but most grow to about 10 pounds. However, they have been found growing up to three feet wide while weighing as much as 50 pounds. Maitake are rich in bioactive protein polysaccharides, which have been documented by researchers to have antitumor properties, as well as offer immune system support. Maitake has also been associated with heart health and diabetes management. In addition, maitake mushrooms are high in natural vitamin D, which is necessary for calcium absorption and important for bone health. They are also a good source of beta glucan, niacin, riboflavin, phosphorus and potassium. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate maitake mushrooms into an everyday wellness routine.

Menthol Topical

Menthol topical is made from the extract of mint oil or it can be man made too. When applied to skin, menthol offers a cooling sensation that works to relieve soreness, minor aches, pains or bruising in muscles and/or joints. If too much menthol topical is applied to the skin, it may cause burning sensations, but will reduce over time. The cooling or warming sensations work to block pain signals in the brain. It also works to reduce inflammation.

Monoterpene

A monoterpene is a class of terpenes. Each terpene hydrocarbon is expressed as C5H8. A monoterpene is a hydrocarbon that is expressed as C10H16. This is due to the fact that it contains two isoprene units per molecule. Monoterpenes are more readily reactive to heat and sources of air. This sensitivity is responsible for monoterpenes degrading more quickly over time. But because they are more receptive to heat, it makes them great for vaping, cooking or aromatherapy. Monoterpenes can be found in various fruits, vegetables, spices and herbs including cannabis. The most notable monoterpenes are limonene, pinene, myrcene and terpineol.

Mother Plant

A mother plant is a fully developed cannabis plant that has been used for cuttings in order to plant and grow clones. Mother plants will be the most robust plant in the bunch. It is important that the mother plant be kept in the fertile stage of growth when it is used for clone clippings. The purpose to keep the mother in a vegetative growth stage is due to the issue that taking a cutting from a plant that is flowering may create a clone that evolves into a hermaphroditic plant. A mother plant is important in order to maintain genetic regularity as their clones will typically grow at the same rate as the mother, as well as produce similar bud quantities, similar terpenes percentages and array of cannabinoids.

Mushroom Mycelium

Mushroom mycelium is an expansive network of very fine filaments encircled by a fungal cell wall that works to collect nutrients and water to care for the fungus. The mycelium also lends integral support to the mushroom by anchoring it to the substrate it’s growing on. The networks of mushroom mycelium typically remain unseen, but they grow into gigantic masses. And due to such a wide network of undergrowth, mushroom mycelium basically supports the health of the whole ecosystem by contributing to the exchange of nutrients throughout the forest. Mushroom mycelium reportedly contains varying levels of nutraceutical compounds like terpenes, polysaccharides, proteins and antioxidants. Clinical trials report that mushroom mycelium from cordyceps have therapeutic effects on the human body that includes anti-tumor, anti-metastatic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, as well as immune system balance. Mushroom mycelium has also been used as a substitute for meat due to its fibrous and meaty texture. It can also be used in manufacturing mycelium leather, mycelium packaging and certain building materials. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate mushroom mycelium into an everyday wellness routine.

Myrcene

Myrcene is the most prominent terpene in cannabis and oftentimes is the most dominant. It is known as the active sedating effect in hops, lemongrass and is also found in basil, mangos and its namesake Myrcia Sphaerocarpa. Myrcene imparts relaxing sensations, is a known anti-inflammatory agent and offers genuine pain relief. It’s boiling point is 332.6 ℉ (167 ℃).

Nectar Collector

A nectar collector is a portable dab device that is also known as a honey straw or dab pipe. They are handheld dab rigs for vaporizing cannabis and hemp concentrates. They consist of a tube with a mouthpiece on the top and a straw like component below that is heated by the battery. The tube of a nectar collector is often made with metal, glass, wood or silicone. While the straw portion is created with materials that are able to withstand very high temperatures such as titanium or quartz. The way a nectar collector functions is often compared to that of a straw due to its suction power. When the tip is heated and placed in a jar with concentrate, the concentrate melts and converts to vapor. This is when the user may inhale through the mouthpiece so that the vapor can make its way up through the device. Electric nectar collectors use replaceable coils like a wax pen. Nectar collectors tend to be hard hitting, inexpensive, easy to maintain and are efficient at vaporization.

Nootropics

Nootropics, also known as brain supplements, smart drugs or cognitive enhancers, are compounds that have shown potential to improve cognitive functions like mood, memory, thinking, creativity and awareness. The term nootropics was coined by a chemist and psychologist by the name of C.G. Giurgea. Nootropics is derived from Greek, nous for “mind” and tropein for “to bend”. There are three categories of nootropics. The first category is stimulant drugs. This group includes prescription drugs such as ritalin or adderall. The second category is synthetic compounds. This group includes enhancers like noopept or racetams, which have the ability to act on neurotransmitters. And the third category are the natural compounds that include caffeine, ginseng, creatine, reishi, rhodiola, L-theanine and more. Experiences with natural nootropics vary widely as some have found them to be incredibly effective, while others have not. More research is needed to understand the true potential benefits of nootropics.

Nug

A nug is a term used to describe a beautiful and deliciously sweet smelling piece of hemp flower that has been harvested. Nugs get their color and general size through the genetics of the plant and the cultivation process. The cultivation process includes a host of environmental factors such as environment (indoor / outdoor), soil quality, light source and exposure, and water quality. The most optimal growing situations will typically produce fine, dense and fairly potent nugs. Nug and bud are terms that can be used interchangeably.

Ocimene

Ocimene is considered to be a monoterpene that is sweetly herbaceous with citrus and earthy undertones. Its effects are often described as uplifting and stimulating. Ocimene can be found in several varieties of plants throughout the world including hops, cannabis, lavender, parsley, basil, mint, bay laurel, and some fruits such as mangoes and kumquats. It is commonly used in the perfume industry for its sweet and floral aromatic profile. Ocimene is also an effective protective agent against pests like aphids. Studies have shown that ocimene contains highly effective anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antifungal properties. It may also have the potential to suppress certain inflammatory substances that are transmitted throughout the body by the immune system. Ocimene exists in two isomeric forms differentiated by alpha-ocimene and beta-ocimene. Both share the same pleasant aromas, but the beta form gives off a bit more of an earthy-wood aroma. Ocimene has a boiling point of 212 ℉ (100 ℃).

OG

OG is the designated term for a variety of kush phenotypes. Legend has it that OG is a delectable relative of Chemdawg and/or Hindu Kush. It is literally world renowned amongst cannabis connoisseurs as OG has offered up its excellent genetics to a wide array of cultivars. It is often debated what OG stands for. Most folks assume it means “original gangster”, while some others believe it originally stood for “ocean grown.” Either way, it’s an outstanding flower that deserves a place in every bud flower collection and should be enjoyed thoroughly.

Peppermint Oil

Peppermint oil comes from the leaves of the peppermint plant. It is an essential oil containing various compounds. Menthol is just one of the compounds that offers the cool and refreshing qualities of peppermint oil. The peppermint plant is a hybrid combination of the spearmint and water mint plants. Peppermint oil has been used for centuries to help treat a number of conditions including colds, digestive disorders, headaches, irritable or itchy skin and numerous other afflictions. It is often used for aromatherapy by skin application or through a diffuser. Peppermint oil advantages include pain relief, anti-itch, muscle spasm reduction, boosting circulation, killing germs, anti-bacterial / anti-viral properties and much more.

PHC

PHC is an abbreviation for para-hydroxycannabinol, while others claim it is short for Hydrox4phc. Not much is known about this cannabinoid as research is extremely limited and facts seem to be differing from source to source. In fact, some claim it is a naturally occurring cannabinoid, while others assert it is a synthetic cannabinoid. The distinction is quite important to understand however due to the fact that it certainly is not a naturally occurring cannabinoid such as CBD or Delta 9 THC. PHC is a unique result of a specific scientific process that begins with natural compounds found in the hemp or cannabis plant. The effects of PHC are still uncertain and have yet to become exactly clear. There are claims that it is a potent cannabinoid that offers a euphoric experience similar to delta-9 THC. Consumers have reported effects such as euphoria, relaxation, anxiety relief and mood lifts. However, effects will vary from individual to individual.

Phenol

Phenol is also known as carbolic acid and is the most basic form of all the phenol organic compounds. A phenol is considered an aromatic carbon compound. It contains a benzene ring with an added hydroxyl group. Phenol is clear or slightly white and gives off a sweet scent. It is toxic in its raw form, but is safe when diluted and in smaller quantities. It is used to make plastics, nylon, medicines and much more. It is useful in killing germs as well. Phenol compounds occur naturally in nature. Plants containing phenol are mostly considered antioxidants and phenol has been found to contain anticancer properties. It is used in various treatments, medical procedures and used in laboratories. Phenol is for trained professional chemists working in certified clean laboratories. Phenol can be fatal if consumed in its raw form. It can damage skin with direct contact and can cause breathing difficulties if inhaled.

Phenolic Compounds

Phenolic compounds are a class of phenols or phenolics. Their chemical make-up includes one or more hydroxyl groups that bonds to aromatic hydrocarbons. They can range from the most simplest phenolic molecular form, C6 H5 OH, or can occur as highly polymerized compounds. There are an abundance of phenolic compounds in the human diet in the form of phenolic acids (60%) and flavonoids (30%). Hemp plants also contain these bioactive phenolic compounds that include terpenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenol amides, stilbenes and lignanamides.

Pinene

Pinene is the most common terpene found throughout the world. Pinene receives its name from the pine tree. It can also be found in conifer trees, orange peels, dill, parsley, rosemary and basil. Researchers have been able to identify nearly 200,000 varieties of this particular terpene. Due to this, Pinene is often placed in two sub-categories: alpha-pinene and beta-pinene. Pinene gives off an earthy piney wood like aroma and flavor. It has been found to produce relaxing yet energizing effects and can be influenced by high levels of the terpene myrcene. When these two terpenes are found together, myrcene will often influence the effects pinene will present. It has been scientifically proven that both sub-categories of pinene offer effective anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, pain relief and anti-anxiety properties. Pinene has a boiling point of 311 to 313℉ (155 to 156 ℃).

Polyphenols

Polyphenols are a class of organic compounds with molecular structures that contain more than one phenolic group. They are found in plant based foods including flavonoids, phenolic acid, lignans and stilbenes. Polyphenols are quite abundant throughout nature. Around 8000 different types of polyphenols have been identified. Fruit like blueberries and avocado, and legumes like black and white beans are quite high in polyphenols. Honey is also a bountiful source of polyphenols as well and caffeine is considered a polyphenol. Polyphenols offer some anti-inflammation properties.

Pre-Roll

A pre-roll is a joint that has been rolled for your convenience and enjoyment. It can be rolled with ground bud flower, trim and/or shake, and usually contains a filter (also known as a “crutch). They can be purchased as a single or in packs. Pre-rolls are usually quite affordable and are easily accessible for a multitude of activities including any and all adventures, concerts or weekends at the pad. Pre-rolls are the inexpensive solution to portability and effortless consumption assuming that you have a lighter, matches or a small torch handy. Pre-rolls are available in an assortment of flower strains, and alternate cannabinoids / concentrates.

Quad

Hemp is typically weighed in grams, 1/8th’s, quarters and pounds. The term quad is slang for a “quarter ounce”. A quad of bud flower is the equivalent of seven grams and is a happy size bag for any hemp connoisseur.

Reishi

The reishi mushroom is a functional mushroom with much prestige in the herbal medicine world and has a substantial amount of scientific evidence backing the benefits of consumption. Reishi is a type of polypore, it is usually reddish brown and can be found growing from the trunks of trees and/ or on the branches of hardwood trees. They are considered pathogenic and can do harm to the trees it grows on. However, this decomposition of complex organic materials such as trees is a central part of the ecological cycle for soils to remain nutrient rich. Reishi mushrooms contain around 400 varieties of bioactive compounds that include triterpenoids, polysaccharides including beta-glucans, fatty acids, proteins, sterols and many more. Reishi mushroom's medicinal properties are quite broad, but is most known for its immune function support and its use in cancer treatments. It can also help to improve health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease and other chronic diseases. It is an adaptogenic herb and seems to work to help regulate and manage anxiety, depression, sleep, and offers noticeable improvements in stress responses. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate reishi mushrooms into an everyday wellness routine.

Resin

Resin is a sticky substance produced by various parts of the cannabis plant, but is mostly concentrated and secreted by the trichomes on the plant. The resin is a natural protectant of the hemp plant from UV light, as well as a guard against pests that are desperate for a nibble. Plants rich with resin contain potent levels of cannabinoids and terpenes. It is considered to be the most valuable part of the flower in that it can be enjoyed by smoking or vaping the flower and it makes exceptional extracts such as isolate powder, distillate, crumble, wax, shatter or diamonds. The term “resin” is used also in reference to a leftover tar residue in a pipe, bowl, rig or on a roach. Resin in a bowl can be scraped and smoked, but will be harsh and should only be enjoyed in dire situations when flower or other concentrates are not readily available.

Rooibos

Aspalathus linearis or rooibos, is a member of the Fabaceae plant family. It is native to South Africa’s fynbos biome. Its appearance is often described as “broom-like” and its leaves are used to make herbal tea known as rooibos, bush tea, redbush tea or simply red tea. Its flavors and aromas are often described as a full-bodied nutty, earthy flavor. It is often used as a substitute for coffee due to its full-bodied flavors. Rooibos is associated with lowering blood pressure, improving cholesterol levels and lowering blood sugar levels. It also contains soothing properties that make it perfect for bedtime rituals as it is also known to relax the body and aid in digestion.

Rosemary Essential Oil

Rosemary or Rosmarinus Officinalis is an herb that is native to the Mediterranean region. It is a part of the Mint plant family whose other members include basil, lavender, myrtle and sage. Its many uses can be traced back to ancient Greece and has been used in several civilizations throughout the world. Throughout time it has been adopted for religious ceremonies and aromatherapy. It is also used in cosmetics, like massage balms, for its anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Rosemary oil consists of pinene, camphor, 11 eucalyptol, camphene, limonene and linalool. It is often an ingredient in analgesic lotions or balms for treatment of dry or oily skin, eczema symptoms, inflammation and more. It seems to also be a rejuvenating ingredient in face masks, toners and soaps. Rosemary essential oil is mostly derived from the flower tops of the plant, but can also be obtained from the leaves and stems. When the flower is dried, the oil is then extracted through steam distillation. Rosemary oil is similar to mint, but not as peppery. It is also earthy with hints of citrus and herbs.

Rosin

Rosin from hemp or cannabis is a concentrate that is considered to be a full spectrum product. It is very potent, and retains all the flavors and aromas from the specific hemp strain it is made from. Rosin is made through a process using a combination of high heat and extreme amounts of pressure. With these forces, resin is pressed out from the plant's trichomes, which are rich with cannabinoids and terpene compounds. Plant matter used to make rosin includes dried flowers, fresh plants, kief or hash. Rosin is a solventless extract and therefore safer to produce than some other hemp concentrates that use highly flammable solvents for extraction. However, Rosin is a high priced hemp item due in part to the laborious process used to make it. In addition, the value of rosin is greater than other concentrates because it is an extremely clean and more all-natural hemp concentrate. It is the concentrate closest to fresh buds on the market today. Rosin can be heated and inhaled using a dab rig, a vaporizer, a joint or in a bong. It can also be orally ingested by adding it to food or beverages.

Salve

A salve is an ointment with many uses, but they are used particularly to soothe the surface of the skin. It is typically a natural remedy for skin conditions such as itchy or dry skin, infections from wounds, sunburns, pain from muscle soreness and more. A salve protects skin with nourishment in order to make it stronger, more supple and overall healthier. There are a variety of ingredients that can be found in salves. They often include a combination of a diverse array of herbs, beeswax, coconut oil, olive oil, almond oil and various other essential oils. Many of the key ingredients in salves are usually rich in antioxidants and vitamins. The antioxidants work to protect skin cells from damage while the vitamins are necessary in every living organism to function properly. This will make skin less likely to be overly dry or split easily. For thousands of years humans have made salves using a variety of ingredients and their ingenuity to relieve an array of minor or major skin conditions, injuries or infections.

Sesquiterpene

A sesquiterpene is a class of terpenes. Each terpene hydrocarbon is expressed as C5H8. A sesquiterpene is expressed as C15H24. This is due to the fact that it contains three isoprene units per molecule. With three isoprene units, the compound becomes slightly more durable than a terpene or monoterpene. Due to this, the compound is slightly more stable, which means they oxidize at much slower rates. This allows for their aromas to remain potent for much longer periods of time. Sesquiterpenes have been linked in several studies to analgesic and antimicrobial properties. And they have shown to reduce inflammation and neurodegeneration. The most common sesquiterpenes are beta-caryophyllene, farnesol and alpha-humulene.

Shiitake

Shiitake is the second most cultivated mushroom in the world. The word shiitake stems from a combination of two Japanese words. The first is a very tall tree related to the oak the Japanese call shii and take, which is Japanese for mushroom. The first known record of shiitake cultivation is dated around the early 1200’s during the Song Dynasty in China. The shiitake is a grilled mushroom that is made up of two main parts known as the mycelia and the fruiting body. The mycelia is the hair-like structure that attaches to substrate (hardwood logs and/or trees). The fruiting body is the part of the mushroom that is harvested and used in a variety of ways from cooking to personal care products. Shiitake mushrooms are high in potassium and are rich in polysaccharides. They are also rich in B vitamins like thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and more. And shiitake are a good source of necessary daily minerals such as iron, copper, magnesium, manganese, selenium and zinc. Shiitake mushrooms also contain all 8 essential amino acids, which makes them a complete protein. Shiitake is also used for medicinal purposes in China and throughout the world. Modern research has shown that shiitake may boost the immune system and improve gut flora. Shiitake mushrooms can be eaten, brewed in tea, dried and ground into powder. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate shiitake mushrooms into an everyday wellness routine.

Spagyric

The word Spagyric originates from the Greek ‘spao’, which means, ‘I collect’ and ‘ageiro’ meaning ‘I extract’. The term spagyrics was coined around the 1500’s by a Swiss physician named Paracelsus. His particular spagyric process emphasized the elevation of the spiritual and medicinal potential of plants. However, differing spagyric methods have been used for thousands of years and is counted as one of the oldest known approaches to holistic living. Today those using spagyrics have devised their own system by blending homeopathy, herbology, alchemy and pharmacology together. Their main aim is to seek underlying dysfunction manifesting through various symptoms in order to correct the root cause. Spagyrics is often used alongside traditional eastern medicine, which aims to maintain quality of life by cultivating good health. Uses for spagyric products are bountiful and include support for anxiety, stress, seasonal disorders, colon care, immune system balance and more. Spagyric products are typically optimized for bioavailability and synergism, plus they are 100% natural made from functional plants, herbs and minerals.

Spliff

A spliff is a roll that contains a mix of hemp flower and tobacco rolled in wide, king or cone rolling papers. The ratio of hemp and tobacco can be modified according to the smoker and the vibes. For those who enjoy both hemp and tobacco, spliffs are ideal for a nice rush with double the flavor and a sweet long-lasting buzz. Spliffs are great for everyday solo missions or for making friends at group campsites.

Sub-ohm Tank

A sub-ohm tank is also referred to as a sub-tank or tank. It is designed with a mouthpiece, tank and airflow vents, plus a heating coil, and it stores e-liquid. Sub-ohm tanks provide a direct to lung vaping experience. It uses low-resistance coils and necessitates a high powered mod. Sub-ohm infers resistance below 1.0 ohms. With a lower resistance, e-liquid becomes very hot and creates large amounts of vapor.

Terp Sauce

Terp sauce is a highly concentrated extract that contains high levels of terpenes along with cannabinoids. It has the consistency similar to a sticky syrup, it is unbelievably fragrant and incredibly flavorful. Terp sauce is also referred to as high terpene extract (HTE) and/or high terpene full spectrum extract ( HTFSE). Terpenes are the compounds that are responsible for the aromas and flavors that each bud strain offers. They also contribute and influence the effects one may experience when using hemp or cannabis products. Terp sauce is typically vaporized or dabbed.

Terpenes

Terpenes are aromatic compounds that supply aromas and flavors in cannabis, all other plants and a variety of organisms. Not only are terpenes major contributors to the aroma and flavors experienced when consuming cannabis, but they also influence the effect by interacting with cannabinoids. Terpenes form inside of cannabis trichomes. Their development is directly affected by the spectrum and intensity of light exposure. Each strain of cannabis has its own unique aroma due to its specific terpene content. Terpenes can deliver to your palate the flavors we know as citrus, diesel, hashish, woody, pine, skunky, coffee, spicy, herbal or tropical-like flavors. In addition to providing flavors and aromas, terpenes act as a type of support to other cannabis molecules to produce a full “entourage effect” one might feel when cannabis is introduced to their system. Depending on the exact combination of terpenes and cannabinoids, there can be one of two results in effects. One would be an exaggeration of effects or the second would be a suppression of effects. This is highly dependent upon the flower strain, as well as the individual taking it. With more research being conducted, evidence shows that terpenes can play a substantial role in mitigating intoxicating effects of THC and also forms a collaboration with cannabinoids, which results in an increase in the therapeutic value. It is important to remember that aroma and flavor are subjective in nature. What appeals to some may not be appealing to others. Terpenes are basically the primary component of essential oils and are responsible for the regeneration, oxygenation and immunity defense of the plant. Further research is being conducted to understand the effects of cannabis terpenes in comparison to the terpenes found in other plants. Terpenes do not have intoxicating effects on their own.

Terpinene

Terpinene belongs to a group of hydrocarbons classified as monoterpenes. There are four types of terpinenes, 𝜶-Terpinene, 𝛃-Terpinene, 𝛄-Terpinene and 𝞭-Terpinene (which is also referred to as terpinolene). Each one has the same molecular structure, but the placement of their double bonds vary. Terpinenes have shown to provide some health benefits and are specifically studied for their possible anti-tumor and antibiotic capabilities. Each type, with the exception of 𝛃-Terpinene (as it is rarely found in nature), have been found in the essential oils of several plants in nature such as eucalyptus, cardamom, tea tree, coriander, cinnamon, cloves, pepper and cannabis. Researchers claim that 𝜶-Terpinene and 𝛄-Terpinene do contribute to the effects one can experience when consuming cannabis. Strains with terpinenes are said to have a more sedative and euphoric effect. However, other terpenes do play a role in the entourage effect too and with these other major terpenes, terpinene may have uplifting effects as well. Terpinene evokes a floral pine, citrusy scent and is said to be advantageous for anti-anxiety and pain due to inflammation.

Terpinolene

Terpinolene is a terpene that is commonly found in cannabis cultivars, but in very small amounts. It is also naturally present in rosemary, lilacs and conifer trees, as well as in some fruit and spices such as apples, nutmeg and cumin. It is considered to be a cyclic monoterpene whose fresh scent presents as a soft herbal bouquet filled with notes of pine and citrus. Terpinolene is often an added ingredient in various soaps and perfumes. Researchers continue to test possible effects and benefits of terpinolene. It has proven to have sedative properties, as well as antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Terpinolene has a boiling point of 365 ℉ (185 ℃).

THC-O

Tetrahydrocannabinol acetate, or THC-O, is most commonly referred to as THC-O, but is also referred to as THC-O-Acetate or ATHC. It is important to not confuse ATHC with THCa. THCa is a tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, which is a parent molecule to THC. The major difference between the ATHC and THCa is that the “A” in ATHC is for acetate and the “a\\\'\\\' in THCa is for acid. THCa naturally occurs in raw cannabis and converts to THC through a process known as decarboxylation. THC-O is not a naturally occurring cannabinoid and can only be made in a laboratory setting. THC-O molecules are much more potent than smoked, vaped, dabbed or orally consumed THC. So despite how the body filters the molecules, the portion that is able to travel beyond the brain barrier will provide a very strong experience. It is recommended that users start with a very small dose and increase dosages slowly to test their comfort levels. The experience that users have often reported after consuming THC-O is akin to a hallucinogenic experience induced by psilocybin.

THCA

Tetrahydocannabinolic acid or THCA is the non-intoxicating acidic form of THC. As the hemp plant matures, its buds begin to grow. As the buds grow, its cannabinoid and terpene content also develops. This process always begins with the CBGA compound. Scientists consider CBGA to be the “mother of all cannabinoids” due to the process of it breaking down to produce primary compounds, THCA and CBDA. THCA has a different molecular makeup than THC and is not intoxicating when ingested due to its additional carboxyl ring. This is what prevents it from binding to CB receptors throughout the body. THCA is found in abundance in raw cannabis and it does naturally over time convert to THC as the flower is harvested and dried. However, when THCA experiences direct exposure to heat through cooking, smoking, vaping or dabbing, it loses its acidic form by the removal of the carboxyl ring and converts into THC. This process is called decarboxylation. THCA can be consumed raw too. It is often used for wellness regimens and consumed similar to vitamins. It has been found to have potential anti-inflammatory / anti-nausea properties and may be a promising neuroprotective compound. It also may be helpful for conditions such as colitis and IBS.

THCA Diamonds

THCA Diamonds is a hemp or cannabis concentrate that is formed in the shape of clear diamonds, quartz or gems. The whitest or clearest diamonds will be all the more pure and potent with THCA. Yellowish coloration indicates that there may be other remaining compounds besides THCA such as terpenes or other cannabinoids. The most popular way in creating diamonds is through a process known as short path distillation, but a closed loop process can also be used. THCA diamonds can be vaporized, crushed and smoked with flower, dabbed or even crushed into food recipes and beverages.

THCB

Delta 9 tetrahydrocannabutol, or THCB, is a minor phytocannabinoid scarcely found in cannabis or hemp plants. THCB was discovered, in 2019, by Italian scientists who were able to isolate the cannabinoid and perform minor amounts of research on it. In having performed various experiments, researchers found that THCB does interact with the endocannabinoid system CB1 and CB2 receptors in the brain. They have made the claim that THCB may have a much stronger affinity for binding to CB1 brain receptors than Delta 9 THC. Reports have also shown potential for improving sleep, decreasing pain, as well as some anti-inflammatory benefits.

THCH

Tetrahydrocannabihexol, also referred to as THCH or THC-H, is a cannabinoid recently discovered in cannabis sativa by a team of Italian chemists in 2020. The team was able to identify very small concentrations of the naturally occurring compound by isolating it from the FM2 hemp plant used in their research. Up until this discovery, THCH was not known to exist as a naturally occurring compound in the hemp plant and was already established as an isomer of a synthetic cannabinoid known as parahexyl. Research shows the brain's CB1 receptors receive THCH with a much more accentuated response, which results in a much more intense high. Some say the potency is as much as 25 times stronger than delta 9 THC. Users have reported that THCH is very psychoactive and gives a full-bodied euphoria that is different from all of the other cannabinoids. But because THCH only occurs in certain strains, there is far too little of it to circulate for mass distribution. It is for this reason that nearly all THCH products on the market are made with synthesized concentrate made using high amounts of delta 8-THC. It is known chemically as Δ8-THCH, and it is a very potent derivative of delta 8.

THCjd

THCjd is a naturally occurring cannabinoid found in miniscule amounts in cannabis or hemp plants. The -jd in the name THC-jd comes from the octyl group attached to the THC molecule. THCjd is chemically known as tetrahydrocannabioctyl and perhaps even more specifically as Δ9-THCjd due to the fact that it is a very potent form of delta-9 THC. THCjd has been found to have an alkyl side-chain containing eight carbon atoms. This long side chain enables a more easily accessible binding to CB1 receptors. The more carbon atoms on the side-chains of cannabinoids seems to allow for a much stronger attraction to receptor sites, which supports a uniquely stronger high. THCjd is speculated to be around 19x stronger than regular delta-9 THC, but more research is needed to confirm effects and benefits of THCjd. Due to the minimal natural bearing of THCjd in hemp plants, THCjd concentrate is synthesized through an isomerization process using CBD concentrate.

THCM

THCM or 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic Acid (Carboxy-THC), is known as a cannabis byproduct at this time. THCM has never been found in cannabis or isolated. The compound was recognized in 1997 and is not considered a cannabinoid, but a cannabis byproduct that presents in cannabis smoke. Scientists have yet to test any potential benefits for lack of identifying or isolating the compound within the plant. It is not known whether THCM is psychoactive. Researchers speculate that it may act as a “potentiator.” This distinction asserts that the THCM is a type of compound that performs the task of boosting effects of other compounds it has exposure to. It has been used as a biomarker to discover if a fetus has been exposed to cannabis smoke in the womb for up to five months before birth. More research is necessary to accurately classify its status within the hemp plant.

THCP

Tetrahydrocannabiphorol, or THCP, is one of the hundreds of compounds that the cannabis plant produces in their resin filled trichomes. THCP is a minor cannabinoid found in tiny quantities. More studies are being conducted on this newly found cannabinoid. Its effects are found to be somewhat identical to Delta 9- THC, but with much more added potency. Researchers believe that THCP has the potential to be as much as 30 times more potent than THC. THCP paired with other cannabinoids and terpenes shows promise in producing a substantial amount of pain relief and/or act as an effective sleep aid. Effects will vary and have been described as energizing, soothing and/or sedating. If effects are in fact similar to delta-9 THC, then it must be recognized that commonly known THC side-effects may occur as well. Beginner use of THCP requires careful doses to maximize benefits and diminish side-effects.

THCV

Tetrahydrocannabivarin, or THCV, is a compound found in minimal amounts within cannabis sativa strains. It offers an array of effects and benefits that are unique from other cannabinoids such as THC or CBD. In small to medium doses, THCV does not deliver identical psychoactive properties that THC imparts. With higher doses, THCV does prove to offer its own unique psychoactive characteristics. It is said to produce a clear euphoric state of mind. THCV has the ability to bind to both CB1 and CB2 receptors of the body’s Endocannabinoid system (ECS). Due to the fact that THCV is found in very low quantities in sativa strains, it is mainly available through extraction in the form of distillate.

THCX

THCX is primarily a creation that is made from hemp derived Delta 8 THC. It is not found in nature and is quite distinct from naturally occurring cannabinoids. Rather THCX is a formulaic composition of several cannabinoid esters, which are modified cannabinoids. This offers an opportunity to enhance bioavailability of active ingredients and interactions with endocannabinoid receptors to increase onset and potency levels. This formula includes Delta 8 acetoacetate, Delta 8 butyrate and Delta 8 isovalerate. THCX has not been highly researched by scientific communities. Most of the available information regarding this concoction is based on anecdotal claims made by its manufacturers. It has been suggested that THCX offers a fast acting energetic euphoria, but may be less intense than Delta 9 THC. Some other possible benefits include appetite suppression, anxiety reduction, neuroprotective properties and possibly pain relief. It is often suggested to start with small doses to assess personal tolerance levels.

Tincture

A tincture is a liquid that is concentrated with extract from natural herbs such as echinacea, ashwagandha or the cannabis plant. The process in which tinctures are made begins with soaking plant material in some type of solvent. The most popular is an alcohol solvent, but there are alcohol-free tinctures produced with glycerine or apple cider vinegar. The solvents draw out the active compounds that have wellness benefits. However, using an alcohol based solvent enables a more effective drawing out of the valuable plant compounds. Alcohol solvents also enhance the stability of the compounds, which prolongs their shelf life. Tinctures have been made for hundreds of years for managing a range of symptoms such as inflammation, pain, allergies, altitude sickness, insomnia and much more.

Tremella

Tremella mushrooms, also known as white fungus, snow mushrooms, snow fungus or white jelly are a type of fungus that grows in tropical regions such as Asia and Brazil. It is white and appears similar to a translucent-like seaweed or coral. Tremella has been used for thousands of years as edible and medicinal mushrooms. Modern science has since been able to extract active polysaccharides and use them as part of treatments on a variety of conditions. Tremella has demonstrated potential in positively effecting a range of biological functions involved with antioxidation, antitumor, antidiabetic and more. Tremella is also classified as an adaptogenic mushroom with nootropic properties. It has been determined tremella is beneficial for regulating biological processes such as stress, while offering enhancements in cognition, memory, focus and immunity. Plus it can promote gut health, lower cholesterol and support healthy skin. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate tremella mushrooms into an everyday wellness routine.

Tulsi

Ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as tulsi or holy basil, is a plant belonging to the Lamiaceae or mint family. Tulsi is a native plant of the Indian subcontinent and grows throughout Southeast Asia. The tulsi plant has the appearance of a short shrub that grows fragrant green or purple leaves and small purple or white flowers. Its flavors and aromas are similar to Italian basil and mint. It is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine, mostly in the form of an herbal tea, for a variety of conditions. Tulsi is known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties and is often used to help fight infections, digestive disorders and/or reduce stress. Tulsi is also considered to be a sacred plant in Hinduism as it is considered to be a manifestation of the goddess Lakshmi. It is especially sacred to the devotees of Vishnu and often Hindu homes have specific spaces dedicated to the tulsi plant. This practice stems from the belief that the tulsi plant fosters an environment for piety and meditation.

Turkey Tail

Trametes versicolor, Coriolus versicolor, Polyporus versicolor, Yun Zhi ('cloud fungus'), or Kawaratake ('mushroom by the riverbank'), are all names referring to the functional mushroom, Turkey Tail. Turkey Tail is a flat spherical mushroom with multicolored rings that has the appearance of an actual turkey’s tail. It can be found growing in North America, Asia and Europe on logs, stumps or on dead trunks of deciduous trees like birch or oak, and sometimes on conifers like pine or fir. It is considered to be a white-rot fungus, which plays an important role in breaking down lignin in rotting bark and/or wood. The mushroom leaves behind a white sponge like cellulose, which returns bioavailable nutrients to the soil for other plants and organisms nearby. Turkey Tail has been long used in traditional Chinese medicine and has been widely studied for its potential in supporting immune function, reducing inflammation, improving digestive health and as a key component that possibly enhances the efficacy of cancer treatments. Turkey Tail mushrooms have a high concentration of polysaccharide-K or PSK and polysaccharide peptides or PSP. Research has shown that PSK and PSP have the potential to help fight infections, cancer and other diseases by stimulating and balancing the immune system. Turkey Tail is most commonly used for its adaptogenic properties and as support for immune system health, anti-inflammation, healthy gut, optimal liver function, blood sugar balance, athletic performance improvement and DNA protection. Additional clinical research and studies are taking place to determine more specifically what the leading benefits of Turkey Tail are for human health. Supplementation with extracts such as tinctures, capsules and/or edibles are the most potent and convenient way to incorporate turkey tail mushrooms into an everyday wellness routine.

U.S. Hemp

In 2018, the United States established hemp as a federally legal and regulated commodity. With a set of federal checks and balances, authorized hemp farmers have been permitted to enact hemp production throughout the United States for the use in several varieties of products. Hemp can be used in food products, health products, fabrics and rope, and so much more. Human creativity is literally the vastness in which this plant can soar. U.S. Hemp is cannabis sativa and is also referred to as industrial hemp. It has been mandated that it only contains 0.03 percent or less THC by dry weight.

Uplift

Uplift is a swift emerging sensation of positivity and dopamine that can be felt physically, emotionally, spiritually or all at once. It also happens to be a great descriptive word for the euphoric and happy effects one may feel subsequently after ingesting hemp products. Effects are definitely subjective, but the uplift feels is undeniable.

Valencene

Valencene is a sesquiterpene and is found in very small quantities in a variety of cannabis plants. It is most commonly found in Valencia oranges, which is this terpenes namesake. It gives off aromas of sweet orange citrus with hints of earthy herbs and fresh wood. It is the precursor to the terpenoid nootkatone, which grants grapefruits its aroma. Valencene is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, skin protectant and anti-allergic properties. It is also known to produce uplifting and slightly euphoric feelings. Valencene is used in a variety of commercial products such as food flavorings, cleaning and cosmetic products, as well as a useful insecticide. Valencene has a boiling point of 253℉ (123℃).

Vape

A vape is a device that heats up microscopic particles in a liquid in order to create vapor to inhale. A vape is a handheld device and is also called an electronic cigarette or e-cig, They come in countless designs that include cig-a-likes, vape pens, pod mods, box mods and mech mods. There are also “desktop” vaporizers such as the longtime favorite, the Volcano Vaporizer or the Arizer Extreme Q. Vape devices can have set temperatures or variable voltage for versatility, which means higher levels of functionality, performance and flavor transfer.

Vape Juice

Vape juice is a liquid that is made to be vaporized and inhaled. Other names for vape juice are e-juice or e-liquid. Vape juice often contains water, nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG) or glycerol and other chemicals to create flavors. Vape juice is also made with hemp cannabinoid extracts that do not include nicotine.

Vape Pen

A vape pen is considered an electronic cigarette. It is designed to simulate smoking by vaporizing various types of liquid for quick inhalation and release. Vape pens are used to vaporize liquid nicotine and hemp or cannabis concentrates. Vape pens are simplistic and efficient. They consist of an atomizer and a battery, and are comprised of a built-in reservoir that is pre-filled or refillable and/or are compatible with 510 thread cartridges. Vape pens range in size, design, construction materials and performance.

Vape Pod System

A vape pod system is a small vaping device that consists of a battery and a pod. The pod contains a heating coil and is where the e-liquid is stored. Vape pod designs will vary. Some pods are good for a certain amount of refills before the coil burns out, but they are often replaceable. Other pods are designed with replaceable coils, while others are disposable pre-filled pods with various e-liquids.

Vaporizer

A vaporizer is a general term for a heating device that is used to vaporize either liquid substances, hemp or cannabis buds and/or dried tobacco for inhalation. Hemp and cannabis concentrates can also be vaporized for inhalation. Vaporizers come in countless designs and sizes for a multitude of purposes. There are different types of vaporizers for every occasion.

Variety

A variety in horticultural terms refers to a type of plant grown from a seed that maintains all of its parents' plant characteristics. A variety can be found growing naturally throughout the plant kingdom as a plant grown from a seed will more often than not grow true to its specific type. Cultivar varieties can only exist through human intervention.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid. It is a water soluble nutrient found in several types of foods. It is an antioxidant and works to protect cells from the damage free radicals can cause. Topical vitamin C has been studied and is supported by many dermatologists. It has shown to slow the aging of skin, prevents sun damage and works to improve overall skin appearance. It can also help reduce wrinkles, dark spots and acne. It helps with these conditions through its anti-inflammatory properties that work to reduce too much oil production in the skin. Topical Vitamin C can be directly applied to the skin, but it is best to check for skin sensitivity prior to applying a thick layer.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E is a fat soluble vitamin that acts as an antioxidant to help protect cells from damage. It is found in our skin oil and works to create a natural barrier to retain moisture in the skin. Topical vitamin E protects the top and middle layers of the skin. Too much vitamin E means that the skin will be too oily. It is an anti-inflammatory agent in the skin as well that works to prevent damage after too much UV exposure or for skin swelling or thickness, erythema or reddening of the skin and edema. It has shown to help with skin aging too. Topical product labels often list vitamin E as “tocopherol” or “tocotrienol”. Topical Vitamin E can be directly applied to the skin, but it is best to check for skin sensitivity prior to applying a thick layer.

Wax

Wax is a cannabis concentrate that appears soft and waxlike. The extraction process for wax involves butane or other hydrocarbon solvents. Wax has the capability of forming in diverse textures and is also referred to as honeycomb, crumble wax, butter and badder as well. Extracts such as wax are highly potent and can offer quick relief of various symptoms. It can be smoked, dabbed, vaporized or can be added to bud flower bowls, joints and blunts.

Weed Salad

A weed salad is made when one blends various hemp or cannabis strains in one bowl or joint to smoke. Although hemp is edible, a weed salad is not meant to be eaten. Rather it is meant to be smoked for a more enhanced experience. Some alternatives to the term “weed salad” are: the mix, the blendo, Mendo blendo, house party, grower’s surprise, spring mix, jambalaya, gumbo, goulash and even estate blend. Reasons you would want to try making a weed salad are as follows: You can intensify your favorite flavors, mix sativas with indicas or increase CBD percentages. No matter what you do, it will be a unique mixture. And most definitely memorable or even a once in a lifetime experience if you can’t replicate it ever again. Weed salads are fully entertaining for all. So it’s the perfect opportunity to get together with friends and get elevated.

Xanthan Gum

Xanthan Gum, pronounced “zan-than”, is a polysaccharide that is made with a specific fermentation process using glucose and sucrose. Xanthan is a food additive that emulsifies, binds and/or thickens recipes. It is typically used in baked goods, salad dressings, ice cream, sauces and numerous other products. Xanthan gum aids in preventing oil separation and helps to provide a smoother consistency in the foods it is added to. It also helps to keep foods from drying out too quickly. Xanthan is often used in hemp gummies and syrups.

Ya Hemi

Ya Hemi, also known as Yahemi, is considered a hybrid strain that is cultivated through the crossing of the Melonatta and Project 4516 strains. Yahemi is quite flavorful with sweet plum, citrus and earthy flavors. Nugs are fluffy yet dense with a light brushing of trichomes and orange hairs. Effects are often touted as euphoria inducing with uplifting mood boosts and a sense of focus. Ya Hemi potency ranges from 13% to as much as 20% Delta 9-THC and around 3.5% total terpenes. The most dominant terpenes in this strain are Limonene, Linalool and ꞵ-Caryophyllene, which accounts for the energetic mood lifts with a bit of chill to ward off feelings of anxiety.

Yocan

Yocan Technology Co., Ltd is a manufacturer of vaporizers located in Shenzhen, China. The company originated around 2013 and has been designing superior vaping devices ever since. Yocan strongly promotes vaping as a healthier alternative to smoking. In order for their healthier alternative message to be received well, they believe elevating every vape experience is essential. To ensure these proper elevation levels, Yocan enlists a distinguished team of research and development professionals, and guarantees “Top level craftsmanship and quality standards” are a mandatory part of their operations. Get a hold of a Yocan vape device and discover top notch versatility with various temperature settings and incredible flavor transfer for the most satisfying hits imaginable.

Zawtz

Zawtz is a modern creation of a three-way cross of Zkittlez, Gelatti and King Louie Xiii OG. It comes from a breeder based in Colorado called Cannarado. They are known for producing a load of top shelf breeds/seeds that are high quality and most importantly, consistently awesome. Zawtz presents a lemony sour diesel aroma and a sweet earthy sour citrus flavor. Buds are fluffy light green nugs with orange hairs and a light dusting of crystally trichomes. Zawtz is reported to be quite potent, but calming and relaxing with a nice mood boost. Zawtz is a great strain for chill evenings or right before bedtime.

Zig-Zag

Zig-Zag is a French company that specializes in hand rolling products for tobacco. The company was founded in 1855 by Maurice and Jacques Braunstein. They invented the process of “interleaving” rolling papers and named it Zig-Zag after the zigzagging of the alternating packaging process. The company specializes in rolling papers, cigarette tubes and smoking accessories. Zig-Zag products are often used for rolling joints and blunts.

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